Search results

1

DNA microarrays in medical diagnostics

100%

Handschuh L., Magacz T., Figlerowicz M.

Biotechnologia

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2009

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issue 2

95-112

EN

Many techniques of molecular biology have already been successfully applied in medicine. It seems that in the nearest future, DNA microarrays can also become a usefull tool in medical practice. They enable early and precise diagnostics, help to identify disease, predict its outcome and monitor its treatment. DNA microarrays are most frequently applied in medical sciences to detect chromosomal aberrations (CGH arrays), screen single nucleotide mutations (SNP arrays), identify pathogens and profile gene expression. Recently, especially designed DNA microarrays have been introduced to profile the expression of microRNA genes. The majority of projects involving DNA microarr tcWUWF ays have been devoted to cancer research. Here, the most prominent examples are described.

2

Characterization of DNA-protein cross-links forming under an influence of cis-DDP

100%

Wozniak K., Walter Z.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

|

2001

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vol. 55

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issue 2

275-286

EN

In this article we described different nuclear proteins which have participated in DNA-protein cross-links induced by cis-DDP.The role of DNA-protein cross-links in the anticancer activity of cis-DDP is discussed.

3

Application of DNA for advanced computing

100%

Kubik T., Bogunia-Kubik K.

Biotechnologia

|

2002

|

issue 1

113-121

EN

It has recently been shown that DNA can serve as a medium to solve computationally complex problems. So far two kinds of DNA computation have been proposed. One, called in vitro computation, requires synthesising particular sequences of DNA (according to the problem) and letting them react in ?a test tube?, while the other, an in vivo approach, makes use of the properties of living cells and organisms to solve computational problems at the DNA level. This paper describes the principles of DNA based computation and shows some examples of in vitro and in vivo computational approaches. In addition, contrasting views about the usefulness of molecular computation are presented.

4

HLA-DR typing methods based on DNA analysis

100%

Bogunia-Kubik K.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

|

1997

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vol. 51

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issue 5

479-498

EN

The human major histocompatibility complex, encoding the HLA genes, is the most polymorphic system in humans. Allelic polymorphism within the HLA genes can be analyzed with the use of different molecular biology techniques allowing the analysis at the DNA level. In this paper PCR based typing methods of HLA-DR alleles are described.

5

DNA molecules site-specific immobilization and their applications

80%

Zhang X., Hu H.

Open Chemistry

|

2014

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vol. 12

|

issue 10

977-993

EN

In addition to its role as a carrier of genetic information, DNA has been recognized as a construction material for the assembly of different objects and structural arrangements with nanoscale features. As a result of DNA’s self-recognition properties (based on the specific base-pairing of G-C and T-A), monolayer films of nucleic acids on solid supports have attracted an escalating attentions. Recently, numerous novel materials based on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) DNA structures have been reported, which extends their utility to a large number of appliations. This review paper intends to be a new and comprehensive overview of recent strategies to site-specifically immobilized DNA on various materials, including carbonaceous substances, gold, and silica substrate, emphasizing the applications of site-specific DNA nanostructure-based devices for diagnostic, bioanalytical, food safety and environmental monitoring. Additionally, an up-to-date perspective is proposed at the end of this review.

6

A simple and reliable method for DNA extraction from bivalve mantle

80%

Aranishi F., Okimoto T.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2006

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vol. 47

|

issue 3

251-254

EN

A simple and reliable method was developed for extracting genomic DNA from preserved mantle tissues of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas for reproducible PCR amplification. The method was based on destruction of the tissue using Proteinase K, Chelex 100 resin, detergents, and urea, followed by preferential capturing of genomic DNA with silica particles. Approximately 5 mg of mantle tissue provided a sufficient quality and quantity of DNA for several hundreds of PCR reactions amplifying the hypervariable mitochondrial DNA intergenic spacer, which is a useful genetic marker for population structure analysis of Pacific oyster. The method can be applied for DNA preparation from not only fresh and frozen but also ethanol-preserved mantle tissues, so this rapid and economical method can serve for investigating a large number of bivalve specimens collected in the field and next transported in ethanol at ambient temperature.

7

Molecular markers, their genetic background and some applications in plant genetics

80%

Bednarek P. T., Chwedorzewska K.

Biotechnologia

|

2001

|

issue 1

9-34

EN

The presented paper gives an insight into the genetic background of molecular diversity at the DNA level. Its potential sources, classified into two main categories depending on whether they lead to DNA sequence alternations (point mutations, insertions, deletions, chromosomal rearrangements, mobile elements etc) or changes in DNA methylation pattern, are discussed in parallel to their ?molecular markers? possible occurrence in the genome. A general overview of the most important sequences responsible for genetic variability (micro-, mini-, midi- and macrosatellites; transposones and retrotransposones) is given. Special attention is paid to different types of molecular marker systems and their most important applications. Molecular techniques are divided into several groups depending on the enzymes they use (endonucleases, T4 DNA ligase, Taq DNA polymerase or their combinations). Finally, investigation carried out with molecular markers in somaclonal embriogenesis is discussed.

8

Sequencing of the largest chromosome of Paramecium tetraurelia

80%

Nowak J. K.

Biotechnologia

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2010

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issue 4

76-90

EN

The largest, megabase, somatic chromosome of P. tetraurelia was isolated and sequenced in order to explore its organization and gene content. The AT-rich chromosome is compact with very small introns, short intergenic regions and a coding density of at least 74%, higher than that reported for budding yeast or any other free-living eukaryote. Homology to known proteins could be detected only for 57% of the 464 potential protein coding genes. Subsequently, the megabase chromosome sequence was used during the whole genome sequencing project as a reference to evaluate sequence assembly and gene annotation accuracy. In a pilot project of the global analysis of P. tetraurelia gene expression during autogamy, DNA microarrays were used. Statistical data analysis allowed the identification of four clusters of co-expressed genes. Screening for silencing phenotypes of 15 autogamy specific genes revealed that 4 genes were essential during vegetative growth and 3 others were essential for successful sexual process.

9

Mitochondrial DNA mutations in human neoplasia

80%

Czarnecka A. M., Golik P., Bartnik E.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2006

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vol. 47

|

issue 1

67-78

EN

Many models of tumour formation have been put forth so far. In general they involve mutations in at least three elements within the cell: oncogenes, tumour suppressors and regulators of telomere replication. Recently numerous mutations in mitochondria have been found in many tumours, whereas they were absent in normal tissues from the same individual. The presence of mutations, of course, does not prove that they play a causative role in development of neoplastic lesions and progression; however, the key role played by mitochondria in both apoptosis and generation of DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species might indicate that the observed mutations contribute to tumour development. Recent experiments with nude mice have proven that mtDNA mutations are indeed responsible for tumour growth and exacerbated ROS production. This review describes mtDNA mutations in main types of human neoplasia.

10

The androgenic response of Capsicum frutescens L. genotypes in in vitro anther culture

80%

Nowaczyk P., Kucharska A., Nowaczyk L.

|

2007

|

issue 1

197-202

EN

Two soft-flesh Capsicum frutescens L. lines were used in the study. The androgenesis process was induced according to the procedure described for C. annuum L. In the cultures established in summer, not many anthers forming the callus tissue were observed. Cytometric analysis showed the presence of cells with different content of DNA. Among 1.000 anthers displayed of one line, seven embryos were observed. Four embryos continued the development resulting in obtaining plants. Three of them had the DNA content on 1C level, the fourth one was diploid. The test of an androhaploid induction in autumn cycle, with the genotype of positive response in summer, was not successful.

11

Separation of megabased-sized DNA molecules of Aspergillus niger using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

80%

Coral G., Colak O., Unaldi M. N.

Folia Biologica

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2002

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vol. 50

|

issue 1-2

49-52

EN

In this study, the chromosomal DNAs were extracted from Aspergillus niger Z10 wild type strain and these DNAs were separated using the contour clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis (CHEF) system. This system is laboratory-made and is operated by a computer program. Total DNAs resolved into five distinct chromosomal bands. The size of the chromosomes was estimated as being between 3.3 Mb to 6.4 Mb.

12

DNA microsatellite analysis in families with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): the first Polish study

80%

Binczak-Kuleta A., Rozanski J., Domanski L., Myslak M., Ciechanowski K., Ciechanowicz A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2006

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vol. 47

|

issue 4

383-389

EN

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common inherited renal disorders with genetic heterogeneity. Mutations of two known genes are responsible for this disease: PKD1 at 16p13.3 and PKD2 at 4q21?23. A majority of cases (85%) are caused by mutations in PKD1. Because direct mutation screening remains complex, we describe here the application of an efficient approach to studies based on highly informative dinucleotide and tetranucleotide repeats flanking genes PKD1 and PKD2. Methods: For this study a series of microsatellites closely linked to locus PKD1 (D16S291, D16S663, D16S665, D16S283, D16S407, D16S475) and to locus PKD2 (D4S1563, D4S2929, D4S414, D4S1534, D4S423) were selected. Short (81-242 bp) DNA fragments containing the tandem repeats were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The number of repeat units of microsatelite markers was determined by fluorescent capillary electrophoresis. DNA microsatellite analysis was performed in 25 Polish ADPKD families and established the type of disease (21 families PKD1-type, 1 family PKD2-type). While a disease-causing mutation in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes cannot be identified, DNA microsatellite analysis provided an early diagnosis and may be considered in ADPKD families.

13

A simple model for predicting the free energy of binding between anthracycline antibiotics and DNA.

80%

Rudnicki W. R., Kurzepa M., Szczepanik T., Priebe W., Lesyng B.

|

2000

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vol. 47

|

issue 1

1-9

EN

A theoretical model for predicting the free energy of binding between anthracycline antibiotics and DNA was developed using the electron density functional (DFT) and molecular mechanics (MM) methods. Partial DFT-ESP charges were used in calculating the MM binding energies for complexes formed between anthracycline antibiotics and oligodeoxynucleotides. These energies were then compared with experimental binding free energies. The good correlation between the experimental and theoretical energies allowed us to propose a model for predicting the binding free energy for derivatives of anthracycline antibiotics and for quickly screening new anthracycline derivatives.

14

Chemical sensors and biosensors for the control of GM food

80%

Radecki J., Radecka H., Ciesla J., Tudek B.

Biotechnologia

|

2006

|

issue 3

67-78

EN

European Community regulations concerning the control of use and distribution of genetically modified organisms and products resulted in creation of European and National GMO Laboratories Networks, which are specialized in GMO identification and quantification in food, feed and seed. The analyses are mainly based on PCR methods, however, cheaper and less time consuming methods are elaborated for GMO detection. This article summarizes the research on electrochemical biosensors based on nucleic acids hybridization and the perspectives these tools create.

15

Statistical methods for microarray assays

80%

Krajewski P., Bocianowski J.

|

EN

The paper shortly reviews statistical methods used in the area of DNA microarray studies. All stages of the experiment are taken into account: planning, data collection, data preprocessing, analysis and validation. Among the methods of data analysis, the algorithms for estimating differential expression, multivariate approaches, clustering methods, as well as classification and discrimination are reviewed. The need is stressed for routine statistical data processing protocols and for the search of links of microarray data analysis with quantitative genetic models

16

DNA polymorphism in various goose lines by RAPD-PCR.

80%

Bednarczyk M., Siwek M., Mazanowski A., Czekalski P.

Folia Biologica

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2002

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vol. 50

|

issue 1-2

45-48

EN

RAPD markers of ten primers were used to assess the polymorphism among pooled DNA of eight goose lines. The number of bands amplified by each primer ranged from 1 to 8, within a mean of 2.86. Some bands appeared specific for the line or genetic background. RAPD technique is an effective method for generating the polymorphic DNA marker in the goose. RAPD patterns from mixed DNA samples can reflect the genetic information of populations. The present study indicated that 10 generations selected for egg production and body weight under various pressure, resulted in genetic variation among goose lines as detected by RAPD. Selection for meat traits caused greater genetic diversity than selection for egg production.

17

Sieci zewnątrzkomórkowe - powszechny w świecie zwierząt (i roślin?) mechanizm unieszkodliwiania patogenów

71%

Pijanowski Ł., Homa J., Chadzińska M.

Kosmos

|

2017

|

vol. 66

|

issue 4

703-719

PL

Zewnątrzkomórkowe sieci (ET) stanowią ewolucyjnie stary mechanizm obronny, który funkcjonuje zarówno u wyższych kręgowców ze ssakami na czele, jak i u kręgowców zmiennocieplnych np. ryb, bezkręgowców i najprawdopodobniej u roślin. Struktury ET unieruchamiają patogeny, zabezpieczając organizm przed ich rozprzestrzenianiem się i prawdopodobnie prowadzą do śmierci przynajmniej niektórych z nich. W przypadku leukocytów ssaków stwierdzono, że w powstawanie sieci zaangażowane są różne szlaki molekularne i cząsteczki sygnałowe, np. wolne rodniki tlenowe, jony Ca2+ czy kinazy białkowe. Okazuje się, że formowanie sieci przez komórki immunokompetentne w innych grupach organizmów podlega podobnym regulacjom. W większości przypadków, zarówno u kręgowców, jak i bezkręgowców, ważną rolę w tym procesie odgrywa aktywność oksydazy NADPH oraz związana z nią zdolność do przeprowadzenia wybuchu tlenowego. Strategia obronna związana z produkcją ET bazuje na aktywności poszczególnych komponentów sieci. Występują wśród nich DNA, histony, jak również białka o silnych właściwościach bakteriobójczych np. różnego typu proteazy. Dokładny skład tych struktur może być nieco odmienny u organizmów należących do różnych taksonów, jak również w zależności od rodzaju komórek immunokompetentnych wytwarzających sieci.

EN

Extracellular traps (ETs) are an evolutionary old mechanism of defense that functions both in higher vertebrates including mammals, lower vertebrates such as fish, in invertebrates and most probably in plants. ET structures immobilize pathogens, protect the body from their spread and possibly lead to the death of some of them. Traps formation in mammalian leukocytes is a complex process involving several molecular pathways and signaling molecules, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+, or protein kinases. Most probably ET formation in immunocompetent cells of non-mamalian species is subjected to similar regulations. In most cases, both in vertebrates and invertebrates, NADPH oxidase activity and consequently ROS production play an important role in this process. ET defense strategy is based on the activity of their specific components such as DNA, histones and bactericidal proteins e.g. different types of proteases. The exact composition of these structures may be slightly different in organisms belonging to different taxa, as well as depends on the type of immunocompetent cells producing the traps.

18

Surface tension study of cationic gemini surfactants binding to DNA

71%

Pisárčik M., Devínsky F.

Open Chemistry

|

2014

|

vol. 12

|

issue 5

577-585

EN

Binding of cationic gemini surfactants alkanediyl-a-ω-bis(dimethyldodecylammonium bromides) with variable polymethylene spacer length ranging from 2 to 12 methylene groups to DNA in NaBr solution is investigated utilizing the tensiometry method. A simple method is presented for calculating the number of surfactant molecules bound to DNA. The results are evaluated in terms of the gemini surfactant spacer length, showing that gemini molecules with either short spacers (2 methylene groups) or long spacers are most efficiently adsorbed to DNA. A weak adsorption to DNA was found for gemini molecules with a medium spacer length (6 methylene groups in the spacer). The binding properties of cationic gemini surfactants as a function of spacer length are consistent with the results obtained by other experimental methods (dynamic light scattering measurements, fluorescence spectroscopy), indicating identical adsorption behaviour of gemini molecules as a function of the spacer length.

19

The interaction of [Pd(N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine)(H2O)]2+ with dicarboxylic acids and inosine: Thermodynamic model for carboplatin drug

71%

Shehate M., Shoukry M., Ragab M.

Open Chemistry

|

2012

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vol. 10

|

issue 4

1253-1261

EN

The Pd(DMPA)Cl2 complex, where DMPA = N,N-dimethylaminoproylamine, was synthesized and characterized. The stoichiometry and stability constants of the complexes formed between various dicarboxylic acids and [Pd(DMPA)(H2O)2]2+ were investigated. The effect of solvent dielectric constant, chloride ion concentration of the medium and temperature on the stability constant of the cyclobutanedicaroxylic acid (CBDCA) complex was investigated. The equilibrium constants for the displacement of coordinated CBDCA by inosine, taken as an example of DNA constituents, were calculated. The results are expected to contribute to the chemistry of antitumour agents. [...]

20

Genetyka zachowania: co wnosi do wiedzy o człowieku?

71%

Oniszczenko W.

|

EN

The aim of this article is to highlight the achievements of human behavioural genetics. It begins with a brief overview of the field of contemporary human behaviour genetics. Then, the general principles of behavioural genetics, research methods used, the concept of heritability and areas of rapid advancement in the field are identified. While classical twin studies have been a powerful tool to find heritability or the genetic correlation between different human behaviours, new tools are now available to help identify the genes responsible for individual differences. In particular, association studies and DNA methylation studies are crucial to advancing knowledge on the genetic basis of human behaviour as well as on the epigenetic factors that mediate genetic and environmental effects on behaviour. Several results on the heritability of human behaviour, relationships between genetic polymorphisms and behaviour as well as the consequences of DNA methylation are reported in this article.

Refine search results

DNA microarrays in medical diagnostics

Characterization of DNA-protein cross-links forming under an influence of cis-DDP

Application of DNA for advanced computing

HLA-DR typing methods based on DNA analysis

DNA molecules site-specific immobilization and their applications

A simple and reliable method for DNA extraction from bivalve mantle

Molecular markers, their genetic background and some applications in plant genetics

Sequencing of the largest chromosome of Paramecium tetraurelia

Mitochondrial DNA mutations in human neoplasia

The androgenic response of Capsicum frutescens L. genotypes in in vitro anther culture

Separation of megabased-sized DNA molecules of Aspergillus niger using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

DNA microsatellite analysis in families with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): the first Polish study

A simple model for predicting the free energy of binding between anthracycline antibiotics and DNA.

Chemical sensors and biosensors for the control of GM food

Statistical methods for microarray assays

DNA polymorphism in various goose lines by RAPD-PCR.

Sieci zewnątrzkomórkowe - powszechny w świecie zwierząt (i roślin?) mechanizm unieszkodliwiania patogenów

Surface tension study of cationic gemini surfactants binding to DNA