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Effects of postweaning social isolation and re-socialization on the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and dendritic development in the medial prefrontal cortex of the rat

100%
Pascual R., Zamora-Leon S. P., Valero-Cabre A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2006
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vol. 66
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issue 1
7-14
EN
In the present study we evaluated the effects of early social isolation and re-socialization on dendritic development and the expression of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of the rat. Sprague-Dawley male rats were reared either in isolation (IC) or social (SC) conditions from postnatal day 18 to 32. Rats were then behaviorally evaluated in the open field test, and approximately half of the animals were sacrificed. Their brains were processed either for immunocytochemical labeling against VIP or for the Golgi-Cox-Sholl staining. The remaining IC rats were resocialized during 30 additional days. The results demonstrated that early social isolation impair neuronal dendritic arborization and increase the number of VIP-immunoreactive neurons. Furthermore, animals displayed hyperlocomotion in the open-field test. According to our structural, immunocytochemical and open-field data, the resocialization experience was unable to reverse neuronal and behavioral abnormalities.
2
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Dendritic pattern in mouse barrel field after a neonatal vibrissal follicles removal MAP-2 immunohistochemistry

100%
Majewska B., Skangiel-Kramska J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1996
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vol. 56
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issue 2
561-566
EN
A distribution of dendrites was studied in mouse barrel field after a neonatal partial lession of vibrissal follicles using anti-MAP-2 immunohistochemistry.The effect of a neonatal vibrissal follicles removal was studied in adult mice: barrels correspodning to intact follicles were enlarged whereas those representing removed follicles had not developed.MAP-2 immunopositive profiles were considered to be dendritic clusters and their packing density (a number per unit area) was calculated in an enlarged barrel and compared to a control barrel in a contralatral hamisphere.A decrease in the packing density of large dendritic clusters, presumably arising from layer V, was observed in an enlarged barrel in comparison to its control counterpart.This result may indicate a selective neonatal lesion of vibrissal follicles.
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Dendrites as separate compartment ? local protein synthesis

86%
Skup M.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 68
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issue 2
305-331
EN
The article summarizes the most meaningful studies which have provided evidence that protein synthesis in neurons can occur not only in cell perikarya but also locally in dendrites. The presence of the complete machinery required to synthesize cytoplasmic and integral membrane proteins in dendrites, identification of binding proteins known to mediate mRNA trafficking in dendrites and the ability to trigger 'on-site' translation make it possible for the synthesis of particular proteins to be regulated by synaptic signals. Until now over 100 different mRNAs coding the proteins involved in neurotransmission and modulation of synaptic activity have been identified in dendrites. Local protein synthesis is postulated to provide the basic mechanism of fast changes in the strength of neuronal connections and to be an important factor in the molecular background of synaptic plasticity, giving rise to enduring changes in synaptic function, which in turn play a role in local homeostatic responses. Local protein synthesis points to some autonomy of dendrites which makes them 'the brains of the neurons' (Jim Eberwine; from the interview with J. Eberwine ? Barinaga 2000).
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