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Packed bed column adsorption of oil and grease from refinery desalter effluent, using rice husks derived carbon as the adsorbent: Influence of process parameters and Bohart–Adams kinetics study

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Umembamalu C. J., Igwegbe C. A., Osuagwu E. U., Nwabanne J. T.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2020
|
vol. 31
155-174
EN
Oil and grease (O&G) adsorption in a packed bed column, using adsorbent prepared from rice husks wastes, was investigated. The effects of adsorbent particle size (150, 300, and 600 µm), initial adsorbate concentration (200, 300, and 400 mg/L), and bed height (100, 200, and 300 mm) on the performance of column adsorption for O&G removal and breakthrough time were investigated in the packed column experiments at a constant flow rate of 10.5 mL/min. The kinetic behavior of the column adsorption process was analyzed using the Bohart–Adams model. The kinetic data fitted the model very well. The rate constant (mass transfer coefficient) for Bohart–Adams model (KAB) increased with the decrease in adsorbent particle size and initial ion concentration but was higher at the bed height of 200 mm. The maximum adsorption capacity (No) increased with a decrease in particle size and initial ion concentration but increased with an increase in the bed height. The rate constant for Bohart–Adams model decreased with an increase in adsorbent size and initial concentration, and was higher at the bed height of 200 mm. The time required for 90% breakthrough decreased with increase in the flow rate, bed height, and initial ion concentration. The model results of the O&G breakthrough curve concentration have shown a fairly good agreement with experimental results. This analysis, considering the adsorbent’s particle size, feed concentration, and bed heights indicated that the packed bed unit could be used for the treatment of O&G effluent to reduce the difficulties of oil refineries in Nigeria and other countries.
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Bacteriological Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Soil in Obitti Oil Field, Ohaji-Egbema, Imo State, Nigeria

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Maduwuba M. C., Akwarandu J. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2023
|
vol. 49
137-146
EN
The bacteriological evaluation of hydrocarbon polluted soil in Obitti oil field in Ohaji Egbema was investigated to ascertain the presence of bacterial community in crude oil-polluted soil. Ohaji Egbema has experienced crude oil pollution in recent times due to the presence of crude oil exploration facilities including the Obitti oil field. Soil samples were collected from four (4) different points within the oil field with varying degree of crude oil pollution along with their corresponding control samples (unpolluted soil). The total culturable heterotrophic bacteria (TCHB), total culturable hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (TCHUB), pH and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations were monitored using standard procedures. The total culturable heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 0.45±2.0x105 Cfu/g to 2.12±2.6x105 Cfu/g while total culturable hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial count ranged from 0.56±2.1x104 Cfu/g to 1.35±2.6x103 Cfu/g. pH ranged from 0.11±4.0 to 1.10±5.0 for the polluted soil samples while a range of 0.10±5.7 to 1.00±7.2 was recorded for the control samples. The TPH analysis revealed a high concentration of 9.51±5747.13 mg/kg to 3.45±7214.82 mg/kg for polluted soil samples which is above the DPR intervention limit of 5000 mg/kg for soils while the control samples recorded a range of 5.41±3118.29 mg/kg to 8.21±4285.02 mg/kg. This study has therefore revealed the ability of indigenous bacterial population to strive despite crude oil pollution and as such these hydrocarbon impacted sites can be harnessed for the isolation of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which can serve as a bio-resource for the effective bioremediation of hydrocarbon impacted environment.
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