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Production of hydrogen from steam reforming of glycerol using nickel catalysts supported on Al2O3, CeO2and ZrO2

100%
Manfro R. L., Ribeiro N. F. P., Souza M. M. V. M.
Catalysis for Sustainable Energy
|
2012
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vol. 1
60-70
EN
Nickel catalysts supported on Al2O3, CeO2 and ZrO2 were prepared by wet impregnation method and evaluated in steam reforming of glycerol. The catalysts were characterized by chemical composition, textural analysis, crystalline structure and reducibility. The structural characterization of the catalysts revealed a good dispersion of Ni particles using the Al2O3 support, needing higher reduction temperature. The reactions were performed at 500°C with 10 vol.% glycerol solution in a continuous flow reactor. All catalysts showed conversions close to 100%. The selectivity to gas products and formation of liquid by-products were found to be dependent on the type of support. The H2 selectivity showed the following trend: ZrO2 > Al2O3 ≈ CeO2. The catalyst supported on CeO2 showed low activity for water-gas shift reaction, with the highest CO selectivity. All catalysts presented a low formation of CH4. In the liquid phase some by-products were identified (hydroxyacetone, acetic acid, lactic acid, acetaldehyde, acrolein and ethanol) and secondary reaction routes were proposed. Coke formation was higher on Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, but no deactivation was observed during 8 h of reaction.
2
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Platinum complex catalysts immobilized on epoxy resins cured with polythiourethane hardeners

100%
Strzelec K., Bączek N.
Open Chemistry
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2015
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
EN
Some efficient polymer-supported platinum catalysts have been synthesized through the novel application of epoxy resin D.E.R.TM332 cured with polythiourethanes. Epoxide supports were obtained as a result of the use of polythiourethane hardeners. The activity, stability and selectivity during long-term use of the investigated catalytic systems were tested in a hydrogenation reaction of cinnamaldehyde. The results of this study indicate that polythiourethanes used to cure epoxy resin can also greatly affect the catalytic properties of the epoxide-supported platinum catalysts. To fully characterize both polymeric supports and heterogenized catalysts numerous research methods like time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and nitrogen BET surface area measurements were used.
3
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Synthesis of aluminosilicates under high pressure and using sulfur as directing agent

100%
Loera S., Lima E., Pfeiffer H., Lara V.
Open Chemistry
|
2012
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vol. 10
|
issue 1
105-112
EN
Two aluminosilicates were prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Silica, sodium aluminate, sodium sulfide and sulfur were used as raw materials. Starting with similar reacting mixtures, analcime (zeolite, Na(Si2Al)O6·H2O) and beidellite (clay, Na0.3Al2(Si, Al)4O10(OH)2·2H2O) were synthesized by varying pressures, 2 kbar and 1 kbar, respectively. Sulfur was present in both aluminosilicate surfaces, which confer to them particular adsorption properties. Additionally, water adsorption isotherms, under dynamical conditions, were obtained. Fractal dimension values and SEM micrographs reveal very different textural and morphological properties of the two prepared aluminosilicates
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