The aim of this investigation was to establish the conditions for effective regeneration of adventitious shoots on leaf explants of apple dwarf rootstock P.59. A three stage procedure was used ? the induction on medium containing thidiazuron (TDZ) and -naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) for two weeks, then the regeneration on medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and NAA and growth of adventitious shoots on medium with low concentration of BAP and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The youngest leaves from proliferating shoot cultures were taken as explants for adventitious regeneration. The effect of MS salt concentration and type of solidifying agent in the induction and regeneration media, and a type of cytokinin in the induction medium was studied. It was proved that the regeneration potential was higher when 1/2 MS salts, Gelrite and TDZ was used.
Cytokinins are plant hormones that control not only the proliferation and differentiation of plant, but they also play a role of signaling molecules in defense mechanisms activated at different stress conditions. The role of cytokinins in the regulation of plant pathogenesis-related proteins (PR) expression is discussed. The recent data on characterisation of cytokinin-specific binding proteins (CSBP) are presented.
In this study, optimum conditions for the micropropagation of Salvia officinalis by shoot tips were determined. Shoot tips from five-week-old shoots grown in in vitro culture were used as explants. The explants were incubated on MS agar medium supplemented with 0.57 ?mol/l IAA and various concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, zeatin, TDZ or kinetin). The best results were obtained when BAP at the concentration of 2 ?mol/l was used as cytokinin. Under these conditions after 5 weeks more than 90% shoot tips formed axillary buds or shoots and almost 3 shoots per one explant were obtained. An average length of shoots was 2.5 cm. For root induction the most suitable was ? MS agar medium without growth regulators.
In this study, we examined the effect of plant growth regulators (2, 4-D, 6-BAP) and steroidal hormone (17-beta-estradiol) on a quantity of diosgenin in callus tissue of Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. The callus grown in in vitro conditions on MS medium with: 1/1, 2/2, 5/5, 10/10 ([mg/dm3] 2,4-D/[mg/dm3] 6-BAP) and 1/1/1, 2/2/2, 5/5/5, 10/10/10 ([mg/dm3] 2,4-D/[M/dm3] 17beta-estradiol/[mg/dm3] 6-BAP) was used for the densytometric analysis to determine the presence of diosgenin. The content of diosgenin ranged from 0,0642 to 1,1458%. An increase in diosgenin content due to addition of 6-BAP and 2,4-D was observed. The developed procedure was estimated by statistical analysis which indicates that it can be used for routine analysis.
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