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1

Karyotypic characterization and NOR analysis by different banding techniques of Rhamdia quelen from the first plateau of the Iguacu River (Brazil)

100%
Fenocchio A. S., Swarca A. C., Cestari M. M., Dias A. L.
Folia Biologica
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2003
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vol. 51
|
issue 3-4
219-222
EN
A population of R. quelen from the first plateau of the Iguacu River (Parana State, Brazil) was analyzed cytogenetically. A diploid set of 58 chromosomes was constituted by 32 M, 16 SM, 6 ST and 4 A (FN=116). In one individual a 2n=59 karyotype was determined due to the presence of one additional metacentric heterochromatic chromosome. NORs, detected by AgNO3 and CMA3 staining as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization with an 18S rDNA probe, are located at a terminal position on the short arms of a ST chromosome pair. C-banding marks the NORs and other weak bands distributed on telomeric regions of some chromosomes. These results give evidence that Rhamdia constitute, in terms of karyotypic macrostructure, a conserved group and support the idea that several synonymous species may be included in this genus.
2

C-banded karyotypes of some dragonfly species from Russia. II. The Families Cordulegasteridae, Corduliidae, and Gomphidae

100%
Perepelov E., Bugrov A., Warchalowska-Sliwa E.
Folia Biologica
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2001
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vol. 49
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issue 3-4
175-178
EN
The C-stained karyotypes of five species of three dragonfly families from Western Siberia and Kunashir Island have been analysed. Gomphus epophtalmus Sel., G. vulgatissimus (L.), Nihonogomphus ruptus (Sel. et Hag.) (Gomphidae), and Anotogaster sieboldii (Sel.) (Cordulegasteridae) showed usual character of C-heterochromatin distribution, all chromosomes have terminal C-bands. Somatochlora graeseri Sel. (Corduliidae) has unique for dragonflies type of terminal C-blocks on autosomes. Three pairs of autosomes have the very large heterochromatic blocks, other chromosomes, including the X, have no C-band.
3

C-heterochromatin pattern of ten species of tetrigids (Tetrigidae, Orthoptera)

100%
Warchalowska-Sliwa E., Maryanska-Nadachowska A., Michailova P. V., Tchobanov D.
Folia Biologica
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2003
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vol. 51
|
issue 1-2
47-53
EN
The karyotypes of species belonging to the Tetrigidae is characterised by structural conservatism. The standard chromosome set of T. japonica, T simulans, T. bolivari, P. meridionalis, U. depressus, and F. robustus consists of 2n=13 acrocentric chromosomes in males and 2n=14 in females, with a sex determining mechanism of X0 male and XX female. C-bands distribution of ten species belonging to 4 genera were studied. Differences in the position of C-bands and number of chiasma between species are discussed.
4

Cytogenetic studies of Glomeris (Diplopoda: Glomeridae)

88%
Warchalowska-Sliwa E., Maryanska-Nadachowska A., Kania G.
Folia Biologica
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2004
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vol. 52
|
issue 1-2
67-71
EN
Karyotypes and meiosis of Glomeris hexasticha and G. connexa (Diplopoda: Glomeridae) from Poland were described using C-heterochromatin distribution and observations of the location of NORs. These species were characterized by 2n>=16 and the XY sex determination system. Differences were found in the amount of C-heterochromatin in X and Y chromosomes between the studied species. In G. hexasticha, supernumerary B chromosomes were described.
5

Aegilops-rye amphiploids and substitution rye used for introgression of genetic material into rye (Secale cereale L.)

88%
Apolinarska B., Wisniewska H., Wojciechowska B.
|
|
vol. 51
|
issue 4
413-420
EN
The valuable genes of Aegilops biuncialis, Ae. ovata, Ae. kotschyi, and Ae. variabilis were transferred to rye, by crossing Aegilops-rye amphiploids with tetraploid and diploid substitution rye. The C-banded karyotype of the BC1 and BC2 generations of amphiploids with 4x substitution rye and BC1 with 2x substitution rye showed great variation in chromosome number and composition. In the BC1 generation of amphiploids with 4x and 2x substitution rye, seed set success rate and germination rate varied depending on origin. However, plant sterility in all cross combinations of amphiploids with 4x and 2x substitution rye resulted in their elimination from further experiments in the BC3 and BC2 generations, respectively. In backcrosses of 4x substitution rye with amphiploids Ae. variabilis x rye 4x, fertile 4x rye plants containing Aegilops chromatin were produced in the BC2 generation.
6

Meiotic karyotypes in males of nineteen species of Psylloidea (Hemiptera) in the families Psyllidae and Triozidae

88%
Labina E. S., Maryanska-Nadachowska A., Kuznetsova V. G.
Folia Biologica
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2007
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vol. 55
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issue 1-2
27-34
EN
Meiotic karyotypes in males of 16 species (assigned to 9 genera and 7 subfamilies) of the family Psyllidae and 3 species (assigned to 3 genera of the subfamily Triozinae) of the family Triozidae are described for the first time. The first data on the genus Ligustrinia are presented. All the species were shown to exhibit the modal karyotype for psyllids, 2n = 24 + X, except Bactericera nigricornis and Arytainilla spartiophila, in which 2n = 24 + XY and 2n = 22 + X were found, respectively. The karyotype of Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Psyllidae, Spondyliaspidinae) was reinvestigated, and the karyotype 2n = 10 + X, characteristic of Spondyliaspidinae, was revealed. The karyotypes of Strophingia fallax, S. arborea, and Craspedolepta topicalis were studied using the C-banding technique.
7

C-banding analysis of eight species of Kengyilia (Poaceae: Triticeae)

88%
Zeng J., Cao G., Liu J., Zhang H.-Q., Zhou Y.-H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2008
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vol. 49
|
issue 1
11-21
EN
To characterize chromosomes and the interspecific relationships within the genus Kengyilia, 8 species were used for Giemsa C-banding analysis. Results indicated that the species differed in C-banding patterns. K. gobicola, K. alatavica and K. batalinii had distinct centromeric bands and no banded chromosomes, while K. hirsuta, K. longiglumis, K. melanthera, K. rigidula and K. thoroldiana had more abundant and diagnostic C-bands with interstitial and terminal bands.
8

C-banding karyotype and relationship of the dipodids Allactaga and Jaculus (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Egypt

88%
Shahin A. A. B., Ata A. T. M.
Folia Biologica
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2004
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vol. 52
|
issue 1-2
25-31
EN
The C-banding karyotype of the jerboas Allactaga tetradactyla, Jaculus jaculus jaculus, and Jaculus orientalis was described and interspecific relationships were discussed. Despite the conservation of a relatively small amount of C-heterochromatin located at the centromeric region of some chromosomes in all karyotypes, a striking loss of C-heterochromatin was clearly observed in J. orientalis. C-bands were totally absent in 33 of the 48 chromosomes of J. orientalis, compared to only 7 for J. j. jaculus and 11 for A. tetradactyla. The differences in C-banding amongst karyotypes of the three species were attributed either to transformation of heterochromatin into euchromatin or vice versa, deletion of heterochromatic segments resulting from pericentric inversions, or to variation of euchromatin content and its correlation with the chromosome size and arrangement of heterochromatin. The present findings are consistent with the main hypotheses derived from morphological, chromosomal, and biochemical data that the genera Allactaga and Jaculus have independently developed from a common ancestral form and that J. jaculus and J. orientalis are both distinct congeneric species, but revealed that the C-banding karyotypes of both J. j. jaculus and J. orientalis are distantly related to each other. Therefore, it is concluded that the karyotype of J. j. jaculus may be ancestral and that of J. orientalis may have derived from it.
9

Notes on chromosome numbers and C-banding patterns in karyotypes of some weevils from Central Europe (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea: Apionidae, Nanophyidae, Curculionidae)

75%
Lachowska D., Holecova M., Rozek M.
Folia Biologica
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2004
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vol. 52
|
issue 1-2
61-66
EN
Chromosome numbers and C-banding patterns of sixteen weevil species are presented. The obtained results confirm the existence of two groups of species with either a small or large amount of heterochromatin in the karyotype. The first group comprises twelve species (Apionidae: Oxystoma cerdo, Eutrichapion melancholicum, Ceratapion penetrans, Ceratapion austriacum, Squamapion flavimanum, Rhopalapion longirostre; Nanophyidae: Nanophyes marmoratus; Curculionidae: Centricnemus (=Peritelus) leucogrammus, Sitona humeralis, Sitona lineatus, Sitona macularis, Sitona suturalis). In weevils with a small amount of heterochromatin, tiny grains on the nucleus during interphase are visible, afterwards appearing as dark dots during mitotic and meiotic prophase. The second group comprises four species from the curculionid subfamily Cryptorhynchinae (Acalles camelus, Acalles commutatus, Acalles echinatus, Ruteria hypocrita) which possess much larger heteropycnotic chromosome parts visible during all nuclear divisions. The species examined have pericentromeric C-bands on autosomes and on the X chromosome.
10

Chromosome pairing in tetraploid rye with monosomic-substitution wheat chromosomes

75%
Apolinarska B.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2003
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vol. 44
|
issue 2
119-128
EN
In tetraploid rye with single-substitution wheat chromosomes - 1A, 2A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 3B, 5B, 7B - chromosome pairing was analysed at metaphase I in PMCs with the C-banding method. The frequency of univalents of chromosome 1A was considerably higher than that of the other four wheat chromosomes of genome A (6A, 5A, 7A and 2A). Among chromosomes of genome B, the lowest mean frequency of univalents was observed for chromosome 5B. In monosomic lines, wheat chromosomes 1A, 2A, 5A, 6A, 7A and 5B paired with rye homoeologues most often in rod bivalents and in chain quadrivalents (also including 3B). The 47% pairing of 5B-5R chromosomes indicate that the rye genomes block the suppressor Ph1 gene activity. In monosomic plants with chromosomes 5A, 2A, 6A, 7A and 5B, a low frequency of rye univalents was observed. It was also found that the wheat chromosomes influenced the pairing of rye genome chromosomes, as well as the frequency of ring and rod bivalents and tri- and quadrivalents. However, the highest number of terminal chiasmata per chromosome occurred in the presence of chromosomes 5A and 2A, and the lowest ? in the presence of chromosomes 3B and 7B. In the presence of chromosome 5B, the highest frequency of bivalents was observed. The results of the present study show that the rye genome is closer related to the wheat genome A of than to genome B. The high pairing of wheat-rye chromosomes, which occurs in tetraploid rye with substitution wheat chromosomes, indicates that there is a high probability of incorporating wheat chromosome segments into rye chromosomes.
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