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Enhanced apatite precipitation on a biopolymer-coated bioactive glass

100%
Araújo M., Miola M., Venturello A., Baldi G., Perez J., Verné E.
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In this work, sintered pellets of a silica-based bioactive glass were dip-coated with a biocompatible natural-derived polymer in order to investigate the influence of the organic coating on the glass bioactivity. After the sintering process optimization, uncoated and coated pellets have been characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM, EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and pH measurements, after the immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF). An increased apatite forming ability and a better control of the pH during soaking of the samples in SBF were observed in the presence of the biopolymer. This result opens a new insight on the simple fabrication of highly bioactive hybrid inorganic-organic materials for medical applications.
2
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Influence of textural properties on biomineralization behavior of mesoporous bioactive glasses

88%
Kumar A., Murugavel S.
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A new method of calcination for the sol-gel derived bioactive glass sample has been developed to produce superior textural and bioactive properties. Based on this method, mesoporous 67.4 SiO2-25 Na2O-5 CaO- 2.6 P2O5 (mol.%) bioactive glasses (MBGs) have been synthesized through acid assisted sol-gel technique followed by evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) process, commonly used for obtaining bioactive glasses. Moreover, the use of microwave irradiation has been compared with that of conventional heat treatment for a particular quaternary composition,which has allowed the homogeneous spatial distribution of heat and to obtain smaller, uniform pore sizes with high surface area. The distinctions between the two methods of calcination have been observed in the structural, morphology and textural characteristics. The superior textural characteristics have allowed the rapid dissolution of MBGs followed by development of nanocrystalline hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer. In vitro bioactive analyses on both MBGs have revealed a rapid formation HCA layer with distinct behavior on the biomineralization process. The difference in the behavior of biomineralization process is attributed to the kinetics of supersaturation of the biological medium.
3
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Trabecular coating on curved alumina substrates using a novel bioactive and strong glass-ceramic

88%
Baino F., Vitale-Brovarone C.
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In the last few years, optimal fixation of orthopaedic implants evolved to preserve host bone and enhance tissue integration by surface modifications, including the use of coatings with bioactive ceramics. In this work, we fabricated a novel bone-like porous bioactive glass-ceramic coating on curved alumina substrates; good joining between the two components was possible due to the interposition of a glass-derived dense interlayer. The mechanical properties of the porous glass-ceramic, which mimics the 3-D pore architecture of cancellous bone, are adequate for load-bearing applications (compressive strength of 19 MPa and fracture energy around 6.5×10−4 J mm−3, with a total porosity of 62 vol.%). In vitro bioactive behaviour was investigated by testing the samples in simulated body fluid and by evaluating the apatite formation on the surface and pore struts of the trabecular coating, which is a key precondition for in vivo osteointegration. The concepts disclosed in the present study could find interesting application in the context of orthopaedic implants, with particular reference to full-ceramic acetabular cups for hip joint prosthesis.
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