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Social effects on development of food preferences

100%

Wyrwicka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

1993

vol. 53

issue 3

485-493

The purpose of this study was to answer the question as to whether the food preferences of the young are dependent on the social influence or not. The experiments were conducted on female cats bearing electrodes implanted in the mid-lateral hypothalamus, and their weanling kittens. Each mother was given a self-stimulation test; the mother which learned to press a lever for thge hypothalamic stimulation reward were chosen for the experiment. Each mother, always 4 h food deprived before the session, was given a choice of meat pellets and banana slices. Eating bananas was rewarded by the hypothalamic stimulation wheras eating meat pellets was not; as a result, the mother concentrated only on eating bananas while ignoring meat pellets. In the following sessions one or two weanling kittens were always accompanying the mother during the session. It was found that 15 out of 18 weanling kittens used in this experiment joined the mothers in eating bananas. After separation from the mothers these kittens continued to choose bananas and ignore meat pellets when tested in the absence of the mother. Control kittens of the same age, which were never trained with the mother, refused to eat bananas. Similar results were obtained with other mother-kittens groups in which mashed potatoes or plain jelled agar were given instead of bananas. These result suggested that the food preferences of the weanling kittens were influenced by the mother's choice of food, evenin the case when this food was unusual for the species.

Activation of reward-relevant neurons in the caudate-putamen influences the development of medial prefrontal cortex self-stimulation: a moveable electrode mapping study

80%

Bielajew C., Trzcinska M.

vol. 58

issue 3

189-198

Two hundred fifty five medial prefrontal cortical (MPFC) and 187 caudate-putamen (CPu) sites were evaluated for intracranial self-stimulation in 67 animals using moveable electrodes and collecting trade-off functions between current and frequency. Eleven percent of the examined areas, located predominantly in the ventromedial aspects of MPFC and CPu, showed reliable self-stimulation and the average charge of 1.12 and 1.11 muC respectively, values that are in line with those reported for the Medial forebrain bundle. The distribution of charge, however, was greater than reported for the latter region, and ranged between 0.68 to 1.63 muC across sites. Some subjects were implanted with two electrodes, one aimed at the MPFC, and the other at the CPu, ventral tegmental area, or lateral hypothalamus. Only animals with CPu placements showed transference of self-stimulation to the MPFC, suggesting that these two regions might form part of the same reward substrate, a view that has anatomical, electrophysiological and recently behavioral support.

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2 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1 1993

1 Bielajew C.

1 Trzcinska M.

1 Wyrwicka W.

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Social effects on development of food preferences

Activation of reward-relevant neurons in the caudate-putamen influences the development of medial prefrontal cortex self-stimulation: a moveable electrode mapping study