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1

Production and selected applications of immobilized enzymes

100%
Synowiecki J., Wolosowska S.
|
2007
|
issue 2
7-26
EN
The presented data explain why application of immobilized enzyme systems is advantageous in many modern industrial technologies. Also, this reviev article contains information concerning the main methods developed for enzyme immobilization, as well as characteristic, suitability and properties of different carriers used for these purposes. Furthermore, the influence of immobilization process on changes of enzyme activity, selectivity, stability, conditions of catalysed reaction and other properties important in practical applications are described. Emphasis is placed on the choice of immobilized enzyme system adequate for the designed technology.
2

Optical biosensors

100%
Miller E., Bielecki S.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 2
35-51
EN
By combining modern fiber optics and opto-electronic instrumentation with chemical and biochemical reagent system, it is possible to produce optical biosensors also known as optodes.In the literature there are many papers describing selective and sensitive methods for sensing bioanalytes using such devices.The rapid development of this method indicates is importance in analytical chemistry.The present state of art of optodes is briefly reviwed.The reresentative optical biosensors are described.
3

Environmental biosensor technology

100%
Spener F., Siegman-Thoss C.
Biotechnologia
|
1996
|
issue 2
153-164
EN
The evolution of biosensor research corresponds with the increasing need for fast, sensitive and selective measuring device.This paper will focus on recent developments that have been advanced in our Institute. (I) As an electrochemical device a highly sensitive multi-enzyme sensor for the determination of inorgatic phosphate was developed using 4 enzymes for signal amplification. (II) Immunosensing of low molecular mass analytes is demonstrated by a flow injection system for the determination of herbicides in drinking water, such as 2,4-D and for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. (III) Microbial sensors for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were developed as well as new approaches to the determination of the biochemical oxygen demand.(BOD). (IV) The "double matrix membrane" technology is an innovative possibility for the production of cheap disposable electrodes for sensors, for example for the detection of urea.(V) Based on surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPRS) a miniaturized fibre optical sensor was developed for sensing environmental hazards in liquids as well as in air.
4

Chemical sensors and biosensors for the control of GM food

100%
Radecki J., Radecka H., Ciesla J., Tudek B.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 3
67-78
EN
European Community regulations concerning the control of use and distribution of genetically modified organisms and products resulted in creation of European and National GMO Laboratories Networks, which are specialized in GMO identification and quantification in food, feed and seed. The analyses are mainly based on PCR methods, however, cheaper and less time consuming methods are elaborated for GMO detection. This article summarizes the research on electrochemical biosensors based on nucleic acids hybridization and the perspectives these tools create.
5

The application of biological markers in the detection of environmental toxic compounds

88%
Rosochacki S. J., Matejczyk M.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 1
208-215
EN
A biomarker, or molecular marker, or reporter gene is defined as a DNA sequence introduced into organisms. It confers a distinct genotype or phenotype to enable monitoring in a given environment. Molecular markers such as: LacZ (-galactosidase), xylE (catechol 2,3-dioxygenase), lux (bacterial luciferase), luc (insect luciferase), phoA (alkaline phosphatase), gusA and gurA (-glucuronidase), gfp (green fluorescent protein), bla (-lactamase) and antibiotic or heavy metals resistance genes are widely used in genetically engineered (GEMs) microorganisms research. These genes are involved in the detection and enumeration of GEMs after their introduction into the environment. Molecular markers, especially lux and gfp, are widely used in the creation of whole-cell based biosensors which are commonly used for the examination of toxicity of environmental pollutants.
6

Gfp gene as a fluorescence tool in gene expression analysis and biosensors construction

88%
Matejczyk M., Rosochacki S. J.
|
2007
|
issue 1
53-62
EN
When autofluorescent protein such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) is excited with light of a specific wavelength, it emits light of a longer wavelength without further addition of substrates. Gfp belongs to a family of reporter genes which provide easily detectable phenotypes to microbial cells and are, therefore, a valuable tool for the study of microorganisms in the environment, especially for analysis of processes such as microbe-plant interactions, biofilm formation, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and gene expression analysis in different conditions (under influence of biological, physical and chemical factors), and bacterial biosensors costruction. In this paper, the main possibilities of gfp gene as a marker application in microbial ecology, gene expression analysis and biosensors development are presented.
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