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1

Generic composition and metabolic activity of bacteria inhabiting surface seawater layers

100%
Mudryk Z.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 3
43-55
EN
Generic composition and metabolic activity of neustonic and planktonic bacteria inhabiting seawater in the region of the Gdansk Deep were determined. In each of the studied water layers, bacteria of the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga group domi-nated, while bacteria of the Micrococcus, Acineto-bacter, Bacillus genera and of the Arthrobacter-Corynebacterium group constituted only a slight percentage of the bacterioneuston and bakterioplankton. Different levels of metabolic activity of bacteria inhabiting different water layers were measured. The intensity of oxidization of respiratory substrates depended also on taxonomic position of bacteria. Generally casein hydrolyzate was the most actively metabolized respiratory substrate; sodium acetate was oxidized with lesser intensity. A considerable impact of salinity on the level of metabolic activity was noticed.
2

Microbiological transformation of organic matter in estuarine basins of the Polish coast.III.Activity of proteases, amylases and lipases synthetized by bacteria isolated from maritime lakes

80%
Mudryk Z.
Oceanological Studies
|
1995
|
issue 69/10
33-44
EN
This paper presents the results of investigatoins on activity of proteases, amylases and lipases synthetized by estuarine bacteria.The highest lavels of activitry of the enzymes studied were observed in bacteria from hypertrophic lake Jamno, the lowast in bacteria from eutrophic lake Lebsko.The activity of the enzymes displayed substantial seasonal fluctuations.The marked impact of pH and salinity on the level of the enzymatic activities was also noticed.
3

Geological, geochemical and bacteriological conditions in a post- dredging pit in Puck Bay (Southern Baltic, Poland)

80%
Bolalek J., Piekarek-Jankowska H., Leczynski L., Frankowski L., Podg?rska B.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 3
111-122
EN
The paper presents the results of geological and geochemical studies carried out in an artificial pit which was formed after dredging the sediments up from the bottom of Puck Bay in 1991. It was found out that fine-grained classic sediments (d50 = 0.2 - 0.08 mm) as well as a great amount of organic matter (Pilayella littoralis) were deposited in the pit. The proc-esses of organic matter mineralization brought about reducing conditions. Ammonia concen-trations in near-bottom waters were higher than in the areas surrounding the pit 191.0 mmol?dm-3 compared to 3.97 mmol?dm-3. Phosphate concentrations in the waters and sedi-ments were elevated and reached values up to 1 mmol?dm-3. Intensive processes of organic matter mineralization caused both the temporary decline in sulphate concentration in near-bottom waters down to the value of 272 mg?dm3 (almost twice lower than the average concen-tration in Puck Bay waters) as well as sulphate deficiency in interstitial water. Below the 5 - metre isobath, the concentration of hydrogen sulphide varied between 0.11 and 0.49 mmol?kg-1w.w. The total number of bacteria in 1 cm3 of near-bottom water amounted to 107 and the number of sulphate-reducing bacteria ranged from 240-46000. The number of sulphate-reducing bacteria in 1 g d.w. of surface bottom sediments was estimated as 104 to 106.
4

Microbiological transformation of organic matter in estuarine basins of the Polish coast.II.Physiological properties of estuarine bacteria and their involvement in processes of macromolecule degradation

80%
Mudryk Z., Donderski W.
Oceanological Studies
|
1995
|
issue 69/10
17-31
EN
It was demonstrated that significant differences in the abundance of individual physiological groups of bacteria existed among the lakes studied, sampling sites, as well as seasons.Ammonifying, denitrifying and glucose acidifying bacteria constituted the most abundant groups of planktonic and benthic organisms.Bacteria producing hydrogen sulfide and reducing sulfates were rather infrequent.In the case of both water and sediments, microflora of three lakes studied exibited very similar potential ability to carry out the processes of macromolecule degradation.Among bacterai isolated from the two zones, the most abundant were strains hydrolizing proteins, lipids and starch.Only small percentage of strains carried out depolymerization of cellulose.
5

REP and ERIC repetitive DNA sequences in bacteria and application to molecular epidemiology

80%
Ugorski M., Chmielewski R.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
2000
|
vol. 54
|
issue 1
3-15
EN
Main part of eukaryotic genomes is build of unique sequences coding proteins and RNAs, but they contain as well numerous repeats interspersed with single-copy fragments. Existence of repetitive sequences were also demonstrated in in prokaryotic genomes. They are found in different species of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Interspersed repetitive sequence elements called REP and ERIC sequences are present in different species of Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Their functions are not completely clear, probably they play important role in regulation of gene expression. Nevertheless, REP and ERIC elements are widely use in identification and genetic analysis of bacteria. For example, using rep-PCR technique it is possible to descriminate between closly related serovars of the same species, which enables to analyse phylogenetic and epidemiological relations among them.
6

Glycine as an inherent component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides

80%
Zielinska-Kuzniarz K., Mieszala M., Lipinski T., Gamian A.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
2003
|
vol. 57
|
issue 5
473-483
EN
The aminoacylation of bacterial polysaccharide antigens and the biological role of this phenomenon are poorly understood, although it might be relevant in the processes of the infection and immunity. Due to the lability of ester linked substituens on glycoconjugate antigens, usually such groups escaped detection during routine strustural investigation. Among the only few data available, these on the occurrence of glycine in endotoxic lipopolysaccharides of Gram-negative bacteria are well documented. This work summarises these data on glycine as an integral constituent of bacterial LPS and also on some other amino acid esters in teichoic acids and phosphatidylglycerol of Gram-positive bacteria.The possible functions are discucced of such noncarbohydrate ester linked substituets in bacterial antigens.
7

Infections factors isolated from fish caught in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula lagoon in 1991-1994

80%
Grawinski E., Dabrowski J., Potajallo U.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
59-75
EN
The data presents bacteriological virusological investigations results carried out in 1991-1994 in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula Lagoon. The infectious factors study included an identification of bacteria species and orders that are pathogenic to fish and man and also a test on the presence of viruses constituting a potential hazard to man's health. The investigations were a complementary study to the ones carried out in 1981.
8

Cathelicidin LL-37: a multitask antimicrobial peptide

80%
Bucki R., Leszczynska K., Namiot A., Sokolowski W.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2010
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1
15-25
EN
The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is the only known member of the cathelicidin family of peptides expressed in humans. LL-37 is a multifunctional host defense molecule essential for normal immune responses to infection and tissue injury. LL-37 peptide is a potent killer of different microorganisms with the ability to prevent immunostimulatory effects of bacterial wall molecules such as lipopolysaccharide and can therefore protect against lethal endotoxemia. Additional reported activities of LL-37 include chemoattractant function, inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis, and stimulation of angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cytokine release (e.g. IL-8). Cellular production of LL-37 is affected by multiple factors, including bacterial products, host cytokines, availability of oxygen, and sun exposure through the activation of CAP-18 gene expression by vitamin D3. At infection sites, the function of LL-37 can be inhibited by charge-driven interactions with DNA and F-actin released from dead neutrophils and other cells lysed as the result of inflammation. A better understanding of LL-37's biological properties is necessary for its possible therapeutic application for immunomodulatory purposes as well as in treating bacterial infection.
9

The uptake and accumulation of iron by the intestinal bacterium Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans DSM 771

80%
Pado R., Pawlowska-Cwiek L.
Folia Biologica
|
2005
|
vol. 53
|
issue 1-2
79-81
EN
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g. Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans) exist in animal intestine. These bacteria are able to bind heavy metals (e.g. cadmium or lead). Comparative investigations on the composition of cellular walls of Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans - depending on the initial Fe2+ supplement in the medium (7.5, 57.5 and 507.5 M) were performed. Iron(II) was cumulated as FeS or as pyrite (FeS2). However, if the initial amount of iron was higher, its majority (46% 85%) was transported onto the membrane. It was determined that the siderophore found in Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans was deferroxamine as in animals.
10

Microbiological transformation of organic matter in estuarine basins of the Polish coast.I.Decomposition of organic matter and heterotrophic activity of bacterioplankton in estuarine lakes

80%
Mudryk Z., Korzeniewski K.
Oceanological Studies
|
1995
|
issue 69/10
3-16
EN
The rate of organic matter decomposition, the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, production of bacterial biomass and coefficients of heterotrophic activity of bacterial microflora have been determined for three estuarine lakes.Processes of organic matter destructions, biomass production as well as heterotrophic activity of bacteria displayed marked seasonal fluctuations.The highest rate of the processes studied was observed in heterotrophic lake Jamno and considerably lower in eutrophic lakes Lebsko and Gardno.The data gathered in the course of three-year-long research programme revealed the increasing rate of eutrophication processes in the aquatic basins investigated.
11

New insights into phylogeny from genomic point of view

70%
Sobczynski M., Mackiewicz P., Mackiewicz D., Smolarczyk K., Cebrat S.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 3
102-117
EN
Availability of fully sequenced genomes contributes to the development of new science named phylogenomics which opens new possibilities of phylogenetic analyses and study of genome evolution based on the whole information coded in genomic DNA. The advantages and disadvantages of the new methods are described. Despite many phenomena such as lineage-specific gene loss, gene duplication and horizontal gene transfer disturbing phylogenetic analyses, the new methods are able to extract some phylogenetic signals in the analysed genomes and construct reliable phylogenetic trees. The genome-based studies support not only the three-domain concept of Tree of Life but they identify previously undetected major clades of prokaryotes as well.
12

The influence of brown coal and peat on the fatty waste bioutilisation - initial laboratory examination

70%
Wierzba S. L. A., Latala B.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 3
193-201
EN
The aim of the paper is to determine whether the addition of brown coal and peat influences the rate of the aliphatic substance biodegradation in oily bleaching soil (OBS) by properly selected bacterial strains. OBS was taken from the NZPT (a fat-processing factory); its characteristics were acidity (pH 4.8) and a 14% aliphatic substance content. Laboratory examination showed that a 35% addition of brown coal and peat provided best conditions for the aliphatic substance degradation process. After 44 days of the experiment, the organic substance reduction was 47.1%, and the fat content was reduced to 0.9%. The application of the composite considerably reduced the period of the OBS biodegradation. In order that low-pH fatty waste could be utiliseed with the aid of bacterial strains, it needs to be neutralised beforehand.
13

Microbiological processes taking place in Dobczyce reservoir during spring water bloom

61%
Bednarz T., Starzecka T.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
13-21
EN
In waters of Dobczyce reservoir, the organic carbon content, biomass of algae and bacteria, respiration of bacteria and respiration of aquatic organisms (measured by oxygen uptake), and energetic expenditures per unit of bacterial biomass ('costs of maintenance') at the beginning of spring water bloom (May, 1996) caused by Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Sm. were greater than those in the second phase of bloom. However, photosynthesis of algae was greater in the second one. In the surface layer of bottom sediments, the greatest values of measured parameters were noted in the second phase of water bloom but the 'costs of maintenance' of bacteria reached maximum values one week after of water bloom break.
14
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Steroids and ion channels in evolution: from bacteria to synapses and mind. Evolutionary role of steroid regulation of GABA(A) receptors

61%
Majewska M. D.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2007
|
vol. 67
|
issue 3
219-233
EN
Ion channels are vital components of plasma membranes. This article presents an evolutionary view of the biochemical mechanism of controlling activity of ion channels by rigid lipids, such as steroids or biophysically similar molecules, which were instrumental in formation and control of ion channels in cell membranes at the very origin of life. Such regulatory mechanisms exist in all cellular forms of life from ancient bacteria to humans and participate in a diversity of biological functions, from the most basic, such as maintenance of cell shape, homeostasis, feeding, cell fusion, and reproduction to the most intricate, such as the mind. Learning about the regulation of membrane ion channels by steroids and like molecules is important for understanding the evolution of life and various aspects of cell and organism physiology, for unraveling the mysteries of mind, and for practical purposes such as developing new pharmacotherapies.
15

Microorganisms resistant to heavy metals and toxic chemicals as indicators of environmental pollution and their use in bioremediation

61%
Haq R. U., Shakoori A. R., Haq R. U., Shakoori a. R.
Folia Biologica
|
2000
|
vol. 48
|
issue 3-4
143-147
EN
Microorganisms present in water samples from various industrial effluents were analysed for their resistance to lead, chromium, and cadmium. The ability of these microorganisms to grow on or metabolize toxic hydrocarbons and pesticides was also checked. Microorganisms in samples from the steel and tanning industries were generally resistant to metal ions but were not capable of metabolizing toxic hydrocarbons. Conversely, microorganisms found in samples of pesticide and from the chemical industry were capable of metabolizing hydrocarbons and pesticides but were not much resistant to metal ions. Microorganisms from effluents of the paint industry and urban wastes were resistant to lead. A correlation between the population of microorganisms and the type of pollution was observed. Indigenous microorganism could be regarded as indicators of pollution and be used in various operations to resist, process, metabolize, and detoxify toxic industrial wastes.
16

Analysis of physiological state of single bacterial cell using fluorescent staining methods

61%
Sadowska J., Grajek W.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 4
102-114
EN
The paper reviews fluorescent staining techniques allowing to diagnose the physiological state of bacterial cells. Different staining probes and a manner of their use for analysis of cell viability, membrane potential, membrane integrity, intracellular pH, respiratory activity, amount of nucleic acids, and activity of chosen intracellular enzymes are described. Range of examples of fluorescent staining for monitoring of physiological state of bacteria in natural environment and in biotechnological processes are presented.
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