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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern affecting 173 million adults annually that requires effective treatment. Medicinal plants such as ginger and curcumin are rich in bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of ginger and curcumin extracts in diabetic nephropathy in the rat model. Material and methods: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to examine ginger and curcumin extracts. Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control, untreated diabetic, ginger-treated diabetic, curcumin-treated diabetic and a ginger + curcumin combination group. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin. Rats received daily oral doses of ginger, curcumin or the combination of both. After sixteen weeks, rats were anesthetized and various tests were conducted to evaluate treatment outcomes. Results: The rats treated with combined ginger and curcumin extracts had superior outcome in terms of more antioxidant activity, better glycemia management and less DN-related kidney damage (reduced albuminuria and less histological changes). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ginger and curcumin extracts have therapeutic potential in mitigating functional and structural alterations in the kidneys of diabetic rats, possibly due to their anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties.
EN
Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin compound, and possesses multiple biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, immunological regulation, and anti-aging. The current study focused on its anti-inflammatory activities and cytotoxicity by analysis of NO production, phagocytosis activity, secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 and cell viability in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. An IC50 value of diosgenin of 2.8 μM was calculated for diosgenin by regression of cell viability from concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 25 μM; this indicated that 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 μM diosgenin could reduce phagocytic activity very significantly (p<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner with no cytotoxic effect on the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. However, there was no significant effect on NO content and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 after diosgenin treatment. The research revealed that low concentrations diosgenin can directly inhibit cells phagocytosis, with no effect on the release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines. This lays a foundation for screening for a safe dose in research and developent of derivatives and new formulation of diosgenin for its anti-inflammatory effect.
EN
Rutin, as a common flavonol glycoside, exists abundantly in many plants and exhibits various nutritional and pharmacological function. Current study focused on the dose-effect relationship of rutin on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and free radicals or ferric-ion. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity by observation cell morphological and determination of the content of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and the phagocytic activity in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells; and revealed the antioxidant activities via assay of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power. The study indicated that 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μM of rutin all exhibited a better anti-inflammatory activity, in especial 50 and 100 μM. Meanwhile, it exerted a stronger antioxidant activities than BHT, and equivalent to VC at the same concentration. Combined, the results suggested that rutin will be a potential and important adjuvant in treatment of inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress.
EN
This study aimed to determine the effects of Turkey-sourced pumpkin seed oil (PSO), administered orally to rats in different dosages, to research its anti-inflammatory effect in rat oedema model, induced by carrageenan, based on different dosages, and to evaluate its effects comparatively with indomethacin. The study was conducted on 42 rats in total, divided into 7 groups (control, carr, PSO40, PSO100, PSO40+carr, PSO100+carr and indo+carr). In the study, doses of 40 and 100 mg/kg of PSO were found to significantly suppress rat paw oedema in time, and it was observed that this effect was more pronounced in the fourth hour. It was found that MDA and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) levels were inhibited, and GPX and SOD activities were enhanced in groups that received PSO and indo+carr groups. Histopathological examinations also support these findings. As a result of the study, the significant anti-inflammatory effect of Turkey-sourced PSO was attributed to the existence of unsaturated fatty acids and enriched phytochemical compounds.
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