Search results

1

Teaching material based on biomechanical evidence: ‘high-jump hurdles’ for improving fundamental motor skills

100%

Otsuka M., Otomo S., Isaka T., Kurihara T., Akutsu C.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 7

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issue 1

EN

Study aim: the purpose of this study has been to develop teaching materials to help improve junior high school students’ fundamental ability to repeatedly run and jump with a high and far-reaching travelling motion and to confirm the effectiveness of a new unit using teaching materials that are experimental in comparison to a conventional unit. Materials and methods: one unit emphasized the conventional approach. This unit aims to improve the ability to step over hurdles. To help improve this ability, a ‘step-up hurdle’ was used as the conventional teaching material. This task focused on reducing the up-and-down motion using three hurdles whose height was set lower than those used in a competitive hurdle run. The other unit aims to improve the ability to jump high and far over hurdles. To help improve this ability, ‘high-jump hurdles’ were developed and used as the teaching material. The motor skill task was to clear three hurdles without knocking a hurdle down, with the hurdle height set as high as possible. Such conventional and new units were used for a group of 25 girls and a group of 18 girls in a junior high school (CON and EXP, respectively) and were conducted during six lessons. Results: EXP’s high-jump hurdle scores significantly increased throughout the advanced lessons. While CON did not significantly improve its hurdle running times in a post-test, there was a significant improvement in EXP. Although CON did not significantly lengthen the horizontal clearance distance from take-off to landing in the post-test, there was a significant lengthening in EXP. Conclusions: these findings suggest that new teaching material for teaching hurdling in physical education which aims to improve the ability to jump high and far over hurdles improves hurdle running time and improves the fundamental ability to repeat running and jumping travelling motor skills in contrast to traditional materials.

2

Body image of adolescent boys

100%

Turski J., Głogowska J., Wilczkiewicz M., Stupnicki R.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 4

117-120

EN

Study aim: To compare the perception of own body by adolescent boys with an external assessment. Material and methods: Two groups of boys (45 from Warsaw, aged 15 – 16 years, and 49 from a small town in South- Eastern Poland, aged 16 years) were studied by using standard body image templates containing 9 shapes. Every boy indicated the perceived shape and that he wished to have. The external assessment was done by the same investigator and that assessment served to classify boys as underweight (n = 4), normal (n = 51) or overweight (n = 39; Shapes 1 – 2, 3 – 4 and 5 – 9, respectively) and to correlate the scores with BMI. Results: The external and self-assessments were concordant in overweight boys, the desired shapes being significantly lower only in Group 1. The percentage of overweight boys was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. “Normal” boys from Group 1 significantly (p<0.001) overrated their body shape compared with external rating. External ratings of body shape significantly correlated with BMI values in both groups alike (r = 0.82, p<0.001). Conclusions: The presented approach to body shape studies may contribute to preventing biosocial disorders in adolescent boys brought about by thoughtless striving for an ideal shape promoted by mass media.

3

Urinary incontinence in adolescent females with cystic fibrosis in Poland

100%

Korzeniewska-Eksterowicz A., Stelmach I., Stelmach W.

Open Medicine

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2014

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vol. 9

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issue 6

778-783

4

Alcohol consumption among adolescents in Kraljevo, Serbia

100%

Djordjevic N., Bogojevic J., Kostic M.

Open Medicine

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2011

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vol. 6

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issue 3

363-371

EN

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of alcohol consumption among adolescents in one town in Central Serbia. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from 191 Serbian students aged 18 years regarding personal experience with alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, along with sociodemographics data. Alcohol consumption was reported by 97.4% subjects, with 34.9% having the first experience with alcohol at the age of 14 years or less. Binge drinking (the intake of five or more drinks at one sitting) was reported by 37.8% subjects. Significantly higher consumption of beer (p<0.0001) and spirits (p=0.03) was observed in boys. The most common reason for both initiation and continuation of drinking, regardless of gender, were celebrations (p≥0.12). Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to consume all alcoholic beverages more frequently (p≤0.04) and in larger quantities (p≤0.004). More frequent or more extensive alcohol consumption, or both, was associated in boys with frequent going out and socializing (p≤0.01), close peer relationship (p=0.04), alcohol abuse within the immediate environment (p≤0.04), better financial status of family (p=0.04), and parental criticism (p≤0.02); in girls, it was associated with parental disapproval (p≤0.02), alcohol abuse within the immediate environment (p≤0.04), and general discontentedness (p=0.049). Regardless of gender, positive alcohol outcome expectancies increased alcohol consumption (p≤0.048), and negative expectancies decreased intake (p≤0.047).

5

Effects of Resistance Exercise Order on the Number of Repetitions Performed to Failure and Perceived Exertion in Untrained Young Males

100%

Romano N., Vilaça-Alves J., Fernandes H. M., Saavedra F., Paz G., Miranda H., Simão R., Novaes J., Reis V.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 39

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issue 1

177-183

EN

Exercise order is an essential variable of resistance training (RT) programs which is usually related to repetition performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of different resistance exercise order on the number of repetitions performed to failure and related ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Thirteen male adolescents (age: 14.46 ± 1.39 years, body height: 165.31 ± 12.75 cm, body mass: 58.73 ± 12.27 kg, estimated body fat: 21.32 ± 2.84%), without previous experience in RT, performed four resistance exercises: incline leg press (ILP), dumbbell lunge (DL), bench press (BP) and lying barbell triceps extension (TE) in two sequences - Sequence A (SEQA): ILP, DL, BP and TE; sequence B (SEQB): ILP, BP, DL and TE. The exercise sequences were performed in a randomized crossover design with a rest interval of 72h between sessions. Within-subjects analysis showed significant differences in the number of repetitions performed to failure in both sequences, but not in the RPE. Post-hoc tests revealed significant decrements in the number of repetitions from the first to the remaining exercises in both sequences. However, pairwise comparisons did not indicate significant differences between the same exercises performed in different sequences. In conclusion, the results of the current study in adolescents suggest that the main exercises should be performed at the beginning of the RT session.

6

Participation in sports and sociometric status of adolescents

100%

Gadžić A., Vučković I.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2009

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vol. 1

83-85

EN

Study aim: To examine the relationships between sport participation and sociometric status of adolescent youths.Material and methods: A group of 359 secondary school students from central Serbia (143 male and 216 female) aged 16 - 19 years participated in the study. The subjects were given questionnaires pertaining to their participation in sports and sociometric relations, especially "work with" and "interact with".Results: In total, about 23% of subjects were actively engaged in sports at various levels: local (11%), regional (8%), national (3%) and international (2 subjects), the others were classified as sedentary. The sport-active subjects scored significantly (p<0.001) higher sociometric acceptance and sociometric status and lower sociometric rejection (p<0.05) than the sedentary ones. However, no significant correlations were found between sport-engagement variables and the sociometric ones.Conclusions: The presented results can be regarded as preliminary only and call for conducting the study on a larger cohort and to include more psychosocial variables.

7

Health behavior inequalities among Lithuanian, Polish and Russian school-aged children in Lithuania

88%

Šumskas L., Lenčiauskienė I., Zaborskis A.

Open Medicine

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2010

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vol. 5

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issue 1

97-107

EN

The aim of this study was to compare and get a deeper insight into issues of the health and health behavior inequalities among Lithuanian, Polish and Russian school-aged children in national and international contexts. Investigations were carried out in the framework of Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study - a WHO collaborative cross-national survey. Five thousand seven hundred and seventy six randomly selected students aged 11, 13, and 15 years of age answered questionnaires in the classroom in 108 schools located in different regions in Lithuania in March–April of 2006. Questions on perceived health and health related behaviors were addressed to the respondent (response rate was 95 %). 5632 questionnaires were selected for further analysis by the international data center in Bergen. SPSS version 11.5 and multilevel analysis program MLwiN 2.0 was applied for statistical analysis of data. Relatively minor inequalities in health and health behavior were established when comparing different health and health behavior indicators in Lithuanian, Polish and Russian school-aged children in Lithuania. These disparities are lower in comparison with differences, which were established among respondents of HBSC international studies. Odds ratios to have negative self-rated health evaluation were higher in girls of Russian (OR-1.71, p<0.05) and Polish (OR-1.62, p<0.05) nationality. Therefore, Russian and Polish students were tending to have higher odds ratios for perception of happiness (p<0.05). Respondents of Russian nationality have expressed less somatic and psychological complaints. Polish boys (OR=1.38, p<0.05) were tending for higher prevalence of headache, but have expressed fewer complaints for depression (OR=0.65, p<0.05), anxiety (OR=0.71, p<0.05). Chances to be involved in risk taking behaviors (alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use) were lower among Polish and Russian respondents. In schools with Lithuanian language based-schoold, health and health behavior indicators were more negative in Polish and Russian respondents in comparisons with their Lithuanian peers However, Lithuanian students, who were enrolled in Russian and Polish schools, tending to have better perceived health evaluation and better health behavior in comparison with their peers of Polish and Russian nationality. Analysis shows, that Polish and Russian students are integrated well into Lithuanian society and being a member of the minority class is not related to poor health or negative lifestyle. Therefore, with few exceptions universal health promotion programs should be provided to school-aged children of all ethnicities and cultural backgrounds.

8

Self-perceived health and psychological well-being among Serbian schoolchildren and adolescents: data from National Health Survey

88%

Jovic-Vranes A., Jankovic J., Vasic V., Jankovic S.

Open Medicine

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2011

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vol. 6

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issue 4

400-406

EN

The purpose was to determinate possible factors associated with psychosocial health through self-perceived health and psychological well-being among Serbian schoolchildren and adolescents. A cross-sectional study. The study is based on the 2006 National Health Survey of the population of Serbia. A total of 2,721 schoolchildren and adolescents were included. Face-to-face questionnaire and self-administered questionnaire were used for collection of data. For the assessment of psychosocial health we created two indicators (varibles): Self perceived health (using the categorical principal components), and Psychological well-being (using reliability analisys). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coeficient and categorical regression. Self-perceived health was found to have a positive association with gender, age, objective and subjective socioeconomic status. Psychological well-being was associated with gender, age, social support, objective and subjective socioeconomic status. Age group was strongly associated with self-perceived health and psychological well-being. Older respondents and female perceived their health to be better than others. Male and respondents in age group 7–11 had higher levels of psychological well-being. Results show that both demographic and socioeconomic variables have an important influence on schoolchildren and adolescent self-perceived health and psychological well-being.

9

External and internal sport motivations of young adults

88%

Bollók S., Takács J., Kalmár Z., Dobay B.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 3

101-105

EN

Study aim: To determine and evaluate the spectrum of sport motivation of young adults.Material and methods: A group of 600 subjects, aged 17 - 19 years, participated in the study. An ad hoc questionnaire was applied to assess the 4 motivational factors: competition and success-oriented motivation, external accommodation, physical fitness and health + sportsman-like attitude, and hedonistic.Results: Competition, contest, victory and beating own benchmark were the important factors for male students. The female students preferred external adequacy and others' opinion. They believed in the importance of healthy living, physical strength and sports give them better appearance. The motivational factors had more importance amongst active than inactive youths. Young active students believed that sport performance would guide them to success.Conclusions: It is important to keep healthy lifestyle and sport motivation before teenage years since it is a guidance to preserve the health and adequate personality development.

10

Physical activity of female children and adolescents based on step counts: meeting the recommendation and relation to BMI

75%

Kantanista A., Król-Zielińska M., Borowiec J., Glapa A., Lisowski P., Bronikowski M.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 7

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issue 1

EN

Study aim: the aim of this study was to assess the step counts of children and adolescents with different BMIs and to present the results in relation to the step count recommendation. Material and methods: the study included data from 175 girls, aged 12–18 (45 participants from primary school, 69 participants from junior high school and 61 participants from high school). Voluntary participants were recruited from public schools in Poland. Step counts were measured using pedometers (Yamax Digi-Walker SW 701) over seven consecutive days. Results: the recommended level of 12000 steps per day was achieved by only 14.9% of participants. The step counts performed by girls, especially at the primary school age, are currently insufficient. Participants’ achievement of the recommended step count level correlated with a lower BMI. Conclusions: few female children and adolescents are meeting daily step recommendations, which highlights the importance of school and community-based programmes designed to increase daily activity patterns.

11

Incidence of health problems in relation with BMI and physical activity of college students

63%

Küchelová Z., Zusková K., Buková A., Hančov M.

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vol. 2

65-76

EN

Steady decline in habitual physical activity in children and youth has resulted in an increase in body weight with age and a decline in functional ability. Hypokinesia in conjunction with poor diet and stress levels are prerequisites of lifestyle diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and obesity. In this partial research, being part of the VEGA research No. 1/1343/12 "Selected risk factors of obesity and exercise prevention", we looked at the incidence of health problems related to BMI and physical activity in college students. We calculated BMI based on anthropometric measurements of body height and weight. Using the questionnaire method, we collected data concerning subjectively assessed incidence of health problems and overall representation of physical activity (PA) in the lifestyle of respondents. The study group comprised 1,963 students, including 1,169 female and 794 male undergraduates from two Slovak universities. Health problems with the largest incidence were back pain, alergy, low blood pressure, headache, palpitation and respiratory diseases. Our research confirms that a greater representation of PA in students' lives positively relates to a lower BMI. The results of logistic regression confirm a significant relation between BMI and the following health problems: back pain, palpitation, high blood pressure, obesity, low blood pressure and respiratory illnesses. PA significantly corresponds with the occurence of health problems related to upper respiratory tract and high blood pressure.

12

Qualitative methods to explore health issues among young moldovans

63%

Wallace L., McLauchlan J.

Open Medicine

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2012

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vol. 7

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issue 4

435-443

EN

The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of health-related issues among youth residing in Chişinău, Moldova, through a combination of photovoice and focus group methodologies. During June, 2011, 13 youth, aged 10 to 17, participated in photovoice and focus group sessions. Participants were instructed to take between 10 and 20 photographs, over a 7 day period, representing health-related issues in their community. During focus group sessions, participants, as a group, were asked to sort photographs into piles based on similarly and/or themes. The SHOWeD mnemonic method was used to guide discussion about photographs from a personal to social level. Content analyses were used to summarize and interpret collected data. Seven common themes emerged across both focus groups, including: (1) abundance of garbage in public spaces; (2) homeless dogs wandering the streets; (3) unsafe drinking water; (4) individuals engaging in risky health behaviors, including cigarette smoking and alcohol use; (5) large number of individuals with limited financial resources; (6) considerable number of individuals forced to live in suboptimal living conditions; and (7) poor road and sidewalk conditions. CBPR methods, including photovoice and focus groups, offer promise in gathering valuable information to inform health-related policy in Moldova in the future.

Refine search results

Teaching material based on biomechanical evidence: ‘high-jump hurdles’ for improving fundamental motor skills

Body image of adolescent boys

Urinary incontinence in adolescent females with cystic fibrosis in Poland

Alcohol consumption among adolescents in Kraljevo, Serbia

Effects of Resistance Exercise Order on the Number of Repetitions Performed to Failure and Perceived Exertion in Untrained Young Males

Participation in sports and sociometric status of adolescents

Health behavior inequalities among Lithuanian, Polish and Russian school-aged children in Lithuania

Self-perceived health and psychological well-being among Serbian schoolchildren and adolescents: data from National Health Survey

External and internal sport motivations of young adults

Physical activity of female children and adolescents based on step counts: meeting the recommendation and relation to BMI

Incidence of health problems in relation with BMI and physical activity of college students

Qualitative methods to explore health issues among young moldovans