Breeding for scab resistant apple cultivars by pyramiding several genes in the same genetic background is a promising way to control this severe disease caused by Venturia inaequalis. To achieve this goal, molecular potential of expected parental forms should be determined. Screening of 24 genotypes used in apple breeding program for the presence of regions, linked to the resistance to apple scab with DNA markers flanking regions of four major genes Vf, Vbj, Vr and Vm, was conducted in the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture. All investigated resistance (R) regions were identified in evaluated population and three clusters representing the group of the genotypes without or with single tested R-gene and two groups of the genotypes, being the parallel donors of 3-4 R-genes, were generated.
The aim of this investigation was to establish the conditions for effective regeneration of adventitious shoots on leaf explants of apple dwarf rootstock P.59. A three stage procedure was used ? the induction on medium containing thidiazuron (TDZ) and -naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) for two weeks, then the regeneration on medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and NAA and growth of adventitious shoots on medium with low concentration of BAP and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The youngest leaves from proliferating shoot cultures were taken as explants for adventitious regeneration. The effect of MS salt concentration and type of solidifying agent in the induction and regeneration media, and a type of cytokinin in the induction medium was studied. It was proved that the regeneration potential was higher when 1/2 MS salts, Gelrite and TDZ was used.
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