The use of newly established molecular genetic information gained by RFLPs, mini-and microsatellities, sequencing datas and physical and genetic genemaps will have a significant influence on animal breeding strategies.Molecular pharming with farm animals is not considered as a part of animal breeding, since the aim of this production system is to concentrate on very specific products produced by very few animals under defined conditions.
The report describes biotechnological aspects of plant and animal breeding, food production and legal regulations in Poland.The conditions and perspectives of development are discussed.
Simple tandem repetitive minisatellite regions of DNA show high level of polymorphism arising from differences in the number of the core sequences of the repeating units. Probes consisting of a core sequence of a minisatellite detect many highly variable DNA fragments (band pattern) by Southern blot hybridisation. Since DNA fingerprinting data are based on information from a large number of independent and biparentally inherited hypervariable loci, this technique enables to obtain much more genetic variation than other molecular techniques. Simultaneous screening of many polymorphic loci in the genome provides valuable information for a number of fields ranging from individual identification and determination of relationship to linkage analysis and population genetics. In this paper some applications of DNA fingerprinting systems to farm animal breeding were reviewed.
Wild rodents, and especially rats, are significantly more difficult to handle, maintain and breed than laboratory rats and mice. They can be characterized as more skittish, neophobic and aggressive. While establishing a breeding colony of wild Norwegian rats (Rattus norvegicus) I developed some helpful devices and I will describe them here. In this paper I also describe the techniques for transporting animals between their home cages, separating them inside cages, and catching individuals that escape. These devices do not require any home cage modification. They may be modified for size. With size modification these devices may be used for handling animals in any type of laboratory cages. They may be used with all species of small mammals, for example, mice, gerbils, hamster, and opossums. They prove especially helpful when physical contact with humans is a problem (e.g. SPF conditions of breeding, and behavioral procedures that do not allow handling).
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