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1

Hybrids and amphiploids of Aegilops ovata L. with Secale cereale L.: production, morphology and fertility

100%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
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vol. 43
|
issue 4
415-421
EN
Hybrids (2n = 3x = 21) between Aegilops ovata and Secale cereale were produced via embryo rescue. Most hybrid morphological traits were intremediate between parents, the plants grew vigorously but were completely sterile. The average frequency of chromosome associations at metaphase I was 19.57-20.19 univalents and 0.40-0.86 rod bivalents. The fertility of the hybrids was restored by doubling their chromosome numbers by colchicine treatment and in vitro propagation. Selfed seeds were obtained from colchicine-doubled sectors and some callus regenerates. The seeds were mostly well formed and developed vigorous plants without embryo culture. Colchicine- and callus-derived amphiploids (2n = 6x = 42) resembled the F1 plants in overall morphology, but showed a lower tillering ability, broader leaves, thicker culms and larger spikes.
2

Production and characterization of amphiploids of Aegilops kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis with Secale cereale, and of backcross hybrids of Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale amphiploids with 2x and 4x S. cereale

86%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2005
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vol. 46
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issue 2
157-161
EN
Amphiploids (2n = 6x = 42) of Ae. kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis with self-compatible S. cereale were produced from F1 sterile hybrids (2n = 3x = 21) through colchicine treatment and callus tissue regeneration. The amphiploids resembled the F1 plants in overall morphology, but were larger in all respects and self-fertile. The spikelets consisted mostly of 3 well-developed florets. Selfed seeds were obtained from some colchicine-doubled sectors and callus regenerates. Most of the produced seeds were well developed. Backcrosses between amphiploids and rye (2x and 4x) resulted in obtaining (Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale amphiploid) ? S. cereale hybrids via embryo culture. The BC1 plants (2n = 4x = 28 and 2n = 5x = 35, respectively) were phenotypically intermediate between the parents and vigorous in vegetative growth. Some seeds were obtained only from the 35-chromosome BC1 hybrids.
3

Isozymes in Aegilops kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis ? Secale cereale hybrids and Ae. kotschyi ? S. cereale amphiploids in relation to their parents

86%
Kalinowski A., Wojciechowska B., Borzyszkowska E.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2003
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vol. 44
|
issue 1
35-43
EN
Seven enzymatic systems in F1 Aegilops kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis ? Secale cereale hybrids, Aegilops kotschyi ? S. cereale amphiploids and their parental species (Ae. kotschyi, Ae. biuncialis and S. cereale) were analysed by starch and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Five of them (phosphoglucose isomerase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, esterase, acid phosphatase, and diaphorase) were polymorphic and two (malic dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase) were monomorphic. Several isophorms of phosphoclucose isomerase, esterase, acid phosphatase, and diaphorase were detected in some hybrids and amphiploids, but absent in the parents. The role of regulators, translocations and recombination is discussed in relation to the origin of these new isophorms. Some parental isozymes were absent both in hybrids and amphiploids, probably as a result of the suppression of structural genes in new combinations of the three genomes.
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