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1

Evaluation of Gingival Conditions and Saliva TNF-α Concentration in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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Pels E.

Polish Journal of Public Health

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2015

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vol. 124

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issue 2

81-85

EN

Introduction. Patients with the history of neoplastic disease in childhood and adolescence, successfully treated, are at higher risk in terms of their susceptibility to develop other diseases later in their lives. Aim. The purpose of study was to evaluate saliva TNF-α concentration in the children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with reference to gingival inflammations. Material and methods. The investigation was carried out in the group of 78 children with ALL aged 2-18yrs and analogical in terms of age and gender group of healthy controls. Results. Gingival conditions were expressed as gingival index (GI). In the group of children with ALL mean GI determined in examination 1 was 0.084±0.34, in examination 2 GI=0.007±0.04 and in examination 3 mean GI=0.017±0.13. In the group of healthy controls GI=0.003±0.03. Saliva concentration of TNF-α determined in the group of children with ALL in examination 1 ranged 4.16-135.01pg/ml. In that group in examination 1, mean saliva TNF-α concentration was 36.9±32.6pg/ml. In the group of healthy children mean saliva TNF-α concentration was 52.1±107.64pg/ml. Conclusions. The authors, who observed various increases in the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 in the saliva and oral tissues in the patients consider that the proinflammatory cytokines in the saliva present in significantly higher concentrations in the future may have diagnostic and predicative value as replace indices of neoplastic transformations. Monitoring of prognostic factors affecting inflammations of the oral mucosa in children with ALL is likely to prevent complications to standard treatment and prolonged time of anticancer therapy. Early evaluation of those parameters can quicken recovery and strengthen patient's health. Close cooperation between dentists and pediatricians-hematologists is important in maintaining oral health and improve the quality of life of children suffering from neoplastic diseases.

2

In vitro activity of oxazaphosphorines in childhood acute leukemia: Preliminary report.

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Styczyński J., Wysocki M., Dębski R., Balwierz W., Rokicka-Milewska R., Matysiak M., Balcerska A., Kowalczyk J., Wachowiak J., Sońta-Jakimczyk D., Chybicka A.

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2002

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vol. 49

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issue 1

221-225

EN

Glufosfamide (β-D-glucosyl-ifosfamide mustard) is a new agent for cancer chemotherapy. Its pharmacology is similar to commonly used oxazaphosphorines, but it does not require activation by hepatic cytochrome P-450 and preclinically demonstrates lower nephrotoxicity and myelosuppression than ifosfamide. The aim of the study was a comparison of the drug resistance profiles of glufosfamide and other oxazaphosphorines in childhood acute leukemias. Leukemic cells, taken from children with ALL on diagnosis (n = 41), ALL on relapse (n = 12) and AML on diagnosis (n= 13) were analyzed by means of the MTT assay. The following drugs were tested: glufosfamide (GLU), 4-HOO-ifosfamide (IFO), 4-HOO-cyclophosphamide (CYC) and mafosfamide cyclohexylamine salt (MAF). In the group of initial ALL samples median cytotoxicity values for GLU, IFO, CYC and MAF were 15.5, 33.8, 15.7 and 7.8 μM, respectively. In comparison with initial ALL samples, the relative resistance for GLU and IFO in relapsed ALL samples was 1.9 (p = 0.049) and 1.3 (ns), and in initial AML samples 31 (p < 0.001) and 5 (p = 0.001), respectively. All oxazaphosphorines presented highly significant cross-resistance. Glufosfamide presented high activity against lymphoblasts both on diagnosis and on relapse.

3

Charakterystyka i częstość występowania koekspresji w ostrych białaczkach u dzieci

75%

Kaufmann J., Mazur B., Szczepański T.

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EN

INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of leukemia and makes about 80% of all developmental age leukemias, 70–80% of which come from B lymphocyte line and only 15–20% from T lymphocyte line. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) makes up about 20% of all leukemias detected among children. Cytometric analysis of leukemic cells immunophenotype allows a precise determination of each cell line status, degree of maturity and occurrence of coexpression phenomenon. MATERIAL AND METHODS 275 cases of children with acute leukemia, diagnosed in the University Ward of Pediatrics and Hematology in Zabrze in the years 1995–2007. The material consisted of bone marrow or peripheral blood containing not less than 80% blast cells. The study applied the method of whole blood and marrow marking with the subsequent erythrocyte lysis. FITC, PerCP or PE fluorochrome-coupled antibodies were used and they were directed against CD1a, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, CD10, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD33, CD34, CD117, HLA-DR, MPO, TdT. RE SULT S Patient group with acute leukemia includes 275 cases. The biggest group consists of patients with diagnosed acute precursor leukemia from B lymphocyte line – 70.55% while the number of cases with T-ALL (14.91%) and AML (14.55%) were similar. The most frequent coexpression belonged to the coexpression of determinants characteristic for the myeloid line: CD13, CD33, CD15, which were observed in 28.2% of cases among the studied ones. The coexpression of T lymphocyte line antigens was noticed only in individual cases and those were determinants CD1a, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD7 which occur in 4.5% of all cases of precursor leukemia from B lymphocyte line. In the group of leukemias from T lymphocyte line the coexpression from other cell lines was noticed in 26.8% of cases, most of which were about the expression of myeloid antigens: CD13, CD33, CD14. The coexpression of antigen CD19 was noticed only in 3 cases (7.3%). There was detected a small number of cases with children with AML where there were noticed antigens from other cell lines on leukemia cells. The coexpressions CD19, CD2 and CD4 were discovered.tion and to monitor remissions during treatment, and additionally, to find out a possible disease recurrence in bone marrow and CSF.

PL

WSTĘP Ostra białaczka limfoblastyczna (acute lymphoblastic leukemia – ALL) jest najczęstszą postacią białaczki u dzieci i stanowi około 80% wszystkich białaczek wieku rozwojowego, z czego 70–80% pochodzi z linii limfocyta B, a jedynie 15–20% z linii limfocyta T. Ostra białaczka nielimfoblastyczna (acute myeloid lymphoblastic – AML) stanowi około 20% wszystkich białaczek wykrywanych u dzieci. Cytometryczna analiza immunofenotypu komórek białaczkowych pozwala określić przynależność do danej linii komórkowej oraz stopień dojrzałości, a także wykryć fenotypy nietypowe. Celem pracy było określenie częstości i rodzaju występowania koekspresji w ostrych białaczkach u dzieci. MATERIAŁ I METODY Przeanalizowano grupę 275 dzieci z ALL diagnozowanych w Klinice Pediatrii i Hematologii w Zabrzu w latach 1995–2007. Materiałem był szpik kostny lub krew obwodowa zawierająca nie mniej niż 80% komórek blastycznych. W badaniach zastosowano metodę znakowania pełnej krwi lub szpiku z lizą erytrocytów. Użyto przeciwciał sprzężonych z fl uorochromami FITC, PerCP lub PE skierowanych przeciwko antygenom: CD1a/ /CD2/CD3/CD4/CD5/CD7/CD8/CD10/CD13/CD14/CD15/CD19/ /CD20/CD22/CD33/CD34/CD117/HLA-DR/MPO/TdT. WYNIKI Największą grupę stanowią pacjenci z białaczką prekursorową z linii limfocyta B – 70,55%, zaś liczby przypadków z T-ALL (14,91%) i AML (14,55%) są do siebie zbliżone. Wśród B-ALL największy odsetek koekspresji dotyczył antygenów mieloidalnych: CD13+ (7,2% przypadków), CD33+ (w 7,7%), CD13+CD33+ (8,7%) oraz CD15+ (4,6%). Koekspresja antygenów z linii limfocyta T stanowi niewielki odsetek: CD7+ wykryto w 1,5% przypadków B-ALL, CD2+ w 1,5%, CD4+ w 0,5%, CD1a w 0,5% i CD5+ w 0,5%. W przypadku T-ALL koekspresje z innych linii komórkowych zanotowano w 26,8% przypadków, z czego większość dotyczyła antygenów mieloidalnych: CD13, CD33, CD14, zaś obecność CD19 wykryto jedynie w 3 przypadkach. Antygen CD13+ zanotowano w 7,3% przypadków T-ALL, CD13+CD33+ w 9,8%, CD14+ w 2,4%. W AML stwierdzono obecność koekspresji: CD19 w 3 (7,5%) przypadkach, CD2 w 5 (12,5%) oraz CD4 w 2 (5,0%) przypadkach. WNIOSKI Obecność nietypowych immunofenotypów, w tym występowanie antygenów z innych linii komórkowych na komórkach blastycznych, stanowi swoisty dla pacjenta marker diagnostyczny pozwalający monitorować osiąganie remisji w trakcie leczenia, identyfikować białaczkowe nacieczenie PMR.

4

Cross-resistance to five glucocorticoids in childhood acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukemia samples tested by the MTT assay: Preliminary report.

75%

Styczyński J., Wysocki M., Dębski R., Balwierz W., Rokicka-Milewska R., Matysiak M., Balcerska A., Kowalczyk J., Wachowiak J., Sońta-Jakimczyk D., Chybicka A.

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2002

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vol. 49

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issue 1

93-98

EN

In vitro antileukemic activity of five glucocorticoids and their cross-resistance pattern in childhood acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukemia were determined by means of the MTT assay in 25 leukemia cell samples of childhood acute leukemias. The equivalent antileukemic concentrations of the drugs tested were: 34 μM hydrocortisone (HC), 8 μM prednisolone (PRE), 1.5 μM methylprednisolone (MPR), 0.44 μM dexamethasone (DX) and 0.22 μM betamethasone (BET). In comparison with initial ALL cell samples, the relapsed ALL group was more resistant to PRE (38-fold, p = 0.044), DX (> 34-fold, p = 0.04), MPR (38-fold), BET (45-fold) and HC (33-fold). The AML cell samples were even more resistant to: PRE (>85-fold, p=0.001), DX (> 34-fold, p = 0.004), MPR (> 69-fold, p = 0.036), BET (> 69-fold, p = 0.038) and HC (54-fold, p = 0.059) when compared with ALL on initial diagnosis. A significant cross-resistance among all the glucocorticoids used was found. Only in some individual cases the cross-resistance was less pronounced.

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2 Acta Biochimica Polonica

1 Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

1 Polish Journal of Public Health

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2 Balwierz W.

2 Chybicka A.

2 Dębski R.

2 Kowalczyk J.

2 Matysiak M.

2 Rokicka-Milewska R.

2 Sońta-Jakimczyk D.

2 Styczyński J.

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1 Kaufmann J.

1 Mazur B.

1 Pels E.

1 Szczepański T.

Evaluation of Gingival Conditions and Saliva TNF-α Concentration in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

In vitro activity of oxazaphosphorines in childhood acute leukemia: Preliminary report.

Charakterystyka i częstość występowania koekspresji w ostrych białaczkach u dzieci

Cross-resistance to five glucocorticoids in childhood acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukemia samples tested by the MTT assay: Preliminary report.