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1

Formation of bacterial biofilms ? the essence of the matter and mechanisms of interactions

100%
Czaczyk K., Wojciechowska K.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 3
180-192
EN
Bacterial colonisation of surfaces and biofilm formation have important consequences in medicine (contamination of catheters, prostheses, and artificial organs) and in food industry (contamination of food product lines). A biofilm can be defined as a matrix enclosed bacteria populations? adherent to each other and/or to surfaces. The process of biofilm formation includes following steps: adhesion of cells, formation of microcolony and, finally, biofilm formation. Bacterial biofilm formation is influenced by a number of factors, such as: extracellular production of polymeric substances (mainly polysaccharides and proteins), hydrophobicity of cell wall, growth phase, environmental factors (pH, temperature, kind of media, ionic strength, polyvalent ions), surface roughness and presence of signalling compounds. Hygienic aspects of biofilm formation and adhesion of bacteria to eukariotic cells were also described in this paper.
2

Sialosyl-Lea and Sialosyl-Lex antigens in adhesion of cancer cells and tumor progression

100%
Ugorski M., Klopocki A. G.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
1996
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vol. 50
|
issue 3
209-231
EN
Sialosyl-Lea and sialosyl-Lex are tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens present in different types of human tumors. They are commonly found on the cell surface of a variety of adenocarcinomas such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer, and in serum of cancer patients. Both antigens have been proposed as important diagnostic markers and they are used in detecting and monitoring of these diseases. Recently, it has been shown that sialosyl-Lea and sialosyl-Lex carbohydrate structures are ligands for selectins, newly described family of adhesion molecules. Selectins function as lymphocyte-homing and leukocyte enrollment receptors, or as activation dependent cell surface receptors of platelets and endothelial cells. Several lines of evidence suggest that sialosyl-Lea and sialosyl-Lex are responsible for adhesion of human cancer cells to endothelium. It has been shown that E-selectin and P-selectin present on endothelial cells mediate these interactions. The mentioned facts suggest that selectins and their carbohydrate ligands can play an important role in a selective homing of tumor cells during metastasis.
3

Comparative in vitro study on the adhesion of probiotic and pathogenic bacteria to different human intestinal cell lines

100%
Lewandowska M., Olejnik A., Neumann M., Krepulec A., Piotrowska J., Tresiak A., Grajek W.
|
EN
The ability of four strains of Lactobacillus sp. two strains of Bifidobacterium sp. and one strain of Listeria mnocytogenes to adhere to human intestinal cell lines Caco-2, HT-29 and Int 407 was examined. Well-developed monolayers of intestinal cells were obtained when initial concentration of Caco-2 cells was 1 x 104/cm2, HT-29 cells 4.2 x 104/cm2, and Int 407 cells 2 x 104/cm2. The appropriate fetal bovine serum additions for Caco-2, HT-29 and Int 407 were 20%, 10% and 10%, respectively. The reduction of serum addition decreased intestinal cell density and prolonged monolayer development. The highest cell densities in epithelial monolayer were obtained in the Int 407 cell cultures. The yield of bacterial adhesion was strain ? dependent. Significant differences were also observed in bacteria adhesion to individual intestinal cell lines. The best adhesion ability to Caco-2 exhibited Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The highest adhesion to HT-29 line demonstrated B. bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus LC1. The adhesion of bacteria to Int 407 was much lower. Significant effect on bacteria adhesion has their cell density being in contact with intestinal monolayer. The adherence of Listeria monocytogenes to Caco-2 and HT-29 was very low in the range of 0.2% and 6.0%, respectively.
4

Mechanisms determining bacterial biofilm resistance to antimicrobial factors

100%
Czaczyk K., Myszka K.
|
2007
|
issue 1
40-52
EN
Bacterial biofilm resistance is a very serious problem of modern medicine and industry practice. Microorganisms forming biofilm initiate multilevel resistance mechanisms that protect cells against antibacterial substances. This resistance is higher than antibiotics and disinfectants tolerance of planktonic bacteria. Ineffective of antibacterial compounds action on biofilm depends on biofilm structure, slowing down the antibiotics diffusion speed, environmental factors in which biofilm is formed, the presence of capsule of bacteria and the activity of 'efflux pumps' proteins. The process of signal molecules formation by bacteria and releasing them to the medium is also very relevant aspect. In this paper, the changes in the molecular level that induces bacterial biofilm resistance against antimicrobial agents are also described.
5

How endothelial cell organo-specificity mediates circulating cell homing

88%
Kieda C.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2003
|
vol. 51
|
issue 2
81-89
EN
Normal and transformed cells are homing from the circulation into tissues in a very selective way thanks to highly complex molecular mechanisms that govern cell-to-cell interactions and drive the homing of circulating cells to be achieved properly. Because this is characterised by a resulting high selectivity, it constitutes a template for targeted drug-, gene- or cell-therapy strategies. Designing a mimetic-based therapy requires the identification of the responsible selective molecules but also, their mechanisms of action and interactions with their ligands, together with their biological modulation and regulation. This homing/invasion event happens to be decisive at the level of the endothelium that lines the vessel walls. Since cell-to-cell interactions mean a double recognition process, this review will illustrate the part played by the endothelial cells (EC) and their adhesion molecules: the protein as well as the glycan part point of view, the chronology and environmental modulation of EC adhesion molecules expression. These characteristics should provide keys to understand the resulting overall specificity of cell localisation. Taking into account the cytokine microenvironment, it was recently documented a fundamental role for locally secreted chemokines which act through their restricted presentation by endothelial cells. As such, chemokines contribute to illustrate the concept of endothelial organo-specificity which is approached here uncovering the role of glycoconjugates signalling as the hallmark of refined cellular recognitions and discussed, in the context of potential drug design against site-directed diseases as metastases, inflammatory leukocytes recruitment, tumour/inflammation-induced angiogenesis.
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