An application of magnetic resonance imaging in the field of pharmaceutical technology is presented in this paper. The analysis of diffusion and swelling fronts was carried out for four floating dosage forms using magnetic resonance imaging. The influence of polymer viscosity, its concentration, and type of applied dissolution media on the area of moving fronts was investigated.
We present a simple analytical tool, which allows the calculation of the MRI diagnostics feasibility of the biogenic magnetite nanoparticles. Elevated levels of these particles are usually linked to the pathological processes, especially to neurodegenerative disorders. We showed theoretically that the biogenic magnetite itself is not sufficient for the non-invasive diagnostics and must be extended with the total iron incorporated in other biological structures.
A low magnetic field magnetic resonance imaging system for small animal lung imaging using hyperpolarized ^3He gas is presented. The hyperpolarized ^3He gas at 1 mbar pressure and 30% polarization is obtained by the metastability exchange optical pumping technique. The magnetic resonance imaging unit is based on a permanent magnet of open geometry, built from a new generation Nd-B-Fe magnetic material. It produces the magnetic field of 88 mT with homogeneity better than 50 ppm in the 10 cm diameter sphere, after application of passive shimming. The magnetic field gradients of 30 mT/m are generated by a set of biplanar, actively shielded gradient coils. The first ^1H images of various biological objects, as well as ^3He images of the rat lung in vivo obtained in the described system are shown. In terms of sensitivity and resolution, the technique is superior to conventional ^1H magnetic resonance imaging, and offers great possibilities in early diagnosis of lung diseases.
The aim of the study was to establish whether there is a significant change in the MRI contrast of magnetite nanoparticles, after BSA protein binding on the surface of particles. The rationale is the applicability of this feature in clinical practice for the tracking of specific proteins which are often associated with various pathologies. Contrast agents could bind to this specific marker, with the change in MRI contrast indicating the presence of pathology. We found that changes in relative contrast acquired at low-field MRI offer potential for the differentiation of magnetite nanoparticles with and without BSA protein. However, the variations in the transverse relaxation time (T₂) and transverse relaxivity (r₂), acquired at high-field MRI, were too small to be applicable for biomedical applications.
Ferritin is a biological iron storage biomacromolecule, consisting of a spherical protein shell (apoferritin) and mineral iron core. It plays a crucial role in the pathological processes of disrupted iron homeostasis followed by iron accumulation, linked with various disorders (e.g. neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, cirrhosis, cancer, etc.) In vitro reconstructed ferritin, with the assistance of a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging technique, has the potential to become a suitable biomarker of these pathological processes. Through gradient echo pulse sequencing, we were able to clearly distinguish between native (physiological) and reconstructed/iron-overloaded (pathological) ferritin, which can serve as a starting point for the development of a method for their differentiation. Such method is necessary for the early diagnosis of iron-based diseases.
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