Structure and dynamics of suspensions of charged colloidal spheres in water were studied by means of small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. Experimentally obtained dependences on the scattering vector q of the structure factor S(q), short-time collective diffusion coefficient D(q) and hydrodynamic function H(q) were in good agreement with theoretical predictions. No effect of screening of the hydrodynamic interactions, suggested in the literature, was found. The conditions are discussed at which the maximum of the hydrodynamic function peak value H(q_m) can be obtained experimentally.
The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of kappa-carrageenan (κ-car) in the drying and swelling of polyacrylamide (PAAm)-κ-car composite. The fluorescence intensity of pyranine increased and decreased as drying and swelling time were increased respectively for all samples. The desorption coefficient, D_{d}, decreased as κ-car contents were increased for a given temperature during drying. However, cooperative diffusion coefficient, D_{s}, increased as κ-car contents were increased during swelling at a given temperature.
The phases chemical composition and micromechanical properties in single crystal of Ni-based superalloy with chemical composition of 12.1 Al, 5.3 Cr, 9.4 Co, 0.8 Nb, 0.9 Ta, 0.7 Mo, 2.5 W, 0.7 Re and Ni-balance (in at.%) were changed during hard cyclic viscoplastic deformation at room temperature. The method we used based on the Bauschinger effect. The changes in the dendritic microstructure and chemical composition were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The phases micromechanical properties evolution were characterized by nanoindentation. The results show that the cumulative strain or strain energy density increase arouse the interdiffusion of atoms between the different phases and the phases equilibrium in SC was changed. It is established that the interdiffusion rate depends on elements atoms activation energy. The new γ-γ'-eutectic pools were formed in the primary dendrites region (with fine γ/γ'-phase) and as result the length of newly formed dendrites was decreased significantly. The maximal and plastic depth of nanoindentation were measured and the corresponding micromechanical properties of phases calculated.
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