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Analysis of the Process of Coal Micronization Conducted in Order to Obtain Coal-Water Liquids

100%
Staroń A., Kowalski Z., Banach M.
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vol. 126
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issue 4
1025-1029
EN
Coal is the most important energy source, but its application in traditional way causes pollution. Preparation of coal-water liquids consists of: initial crushing of coal, wet milling in mixer mill and homogenization. To obtain coal-water liquids there were used three kinds of materials: coal of medium assortment with a low content of ash (6-25 mm), fine coal (0-20 mm) and coal sludge. The parameters of the grinding process which results in coal-water suspensions characterized by the most advantageous functional properties (high stability, low density and viscosity and the smallest equivalent diameter of particles of coal in a slurry) have been chosen and the influence of additives on the listed properties of the suspensions was determined. For suspensions consisted of water and coal independent parameters were vibration frequency 30 1/s, one ball with diameter of 15 mm and amount of water: 70 wt%. Substances which were applied to improve the properties of coal-water suspensions were: Triton X-405, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and poly(acrylic acid), partial sodium salt-graft-poly(ethylene oxide). The best stability, low viscosity and the lowest density of the suspensions were characterized by coal, water and 0.1 wt% of carboxymethyl cellulose as a result of the 30 min milling.
2
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IR and Raman Investigation of Some Poly(acrylic) Acid Gels in Aqueous and Neutralized State

51%
Todica M., Stefan R., Pop C., Olar L.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 1
128-135
EN
The modification of local polymeric conformation of poly(acrylic) acid (PAA), induced by hydration and neutralization with triethanol amine (TEA), was investigated by IR and Raman spectroscopy. The effect of water is the perturbation of hydrogen bonds established between different polymeric chains and the modification of the local conformation of the polymer. The neutralization with TEA affects the carboxylic groups and modifies the local conformation of the polymer. These modifications are correlated with the shift and the modification of the characteristics of IR and Raman spectra.
3
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Algorithm for Preliminary Analysis of Viscosity Behaviour of Some Aqueous Poly(ethylene oxide) Gels

51%
Todica M., Pop C., Udrescu L., Pop M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2011
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vol. 119
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issue 6
880-884
EN
The dependence of the viscosity on temperature and shear rate was observed for some poly(ethylene oxide) gels with different polymeric concentrations. An algorithm of analysis of experimental data, based on the Arrhenius and power law models, and a mathematical function describing the dependence of the viscosity on temperature and shear rate are proposed.
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