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1
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Effect of H₃BO₃ on the Corrosion Properties of Ni-B Based Electroplating Coatings

100%
Karabulut A., Durmaz M., Kilinc B., Sen U., Sen S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 131
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issue 1
147-149
EN
In this study the effect of H₃BO₃ on the properties of Ni-B coating formed on the AISI 1020 steel surface produced with electroplating process was investigated. Synthesis of the coatings was done using acidic electro plating bath. Coating process was carried out within a standard cell with three electrode system using platinum as auxiliary and Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode onto AISI 1020 steel substrate. Then, heat treatment was applied to coatings at 400°C during a period of 1 h. The coated samples were analyzed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction. Micro hardness measurements of the coatings were realized. The study reveals that the Ni-B anti corrosion coating is amorphous in their as-plated condition and upon heat treatment at 400°C for 1 h, Ni-B coatings crystallize and produce nickel borides and nickel in the coatings. The results indicated the presence of Ni₂B, Ni₃B and Ni phases.
2
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A Comparison for Grain Size Calculation of Cu-Zn Alloys with Genetic Programming and Neural Networks

63%
H. Karahan İ., Özdemir R.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 2B
B-427-B-431
EN
Neural Networks (NN) and Genetic Programming (GP) were used as a new method for formulation of grain size of electrodeposited Cu_{1-x}Zn_x alloys as a function of Zinc and Copper content both electrolyte and the alloy films produced by electrodeposition technique. To predict grain size a great number of different expression models genetic programming and neural network were conducted. Each model differs from the other with their linking function, number of genes, head size, and chromosomes. To generate databases for the new grain size formulations, testing and training sets in total of 134 samples were selected at different Zn and Cu ratios of components. 6 different input parameters were selected and the output parameter was grain size of the electrodeposited Cu-Zn alloys. The testing and training sets consisted of randomly selected 106 and 28 for the proposed models. All results in the models indicated an applicable performance for predicting grain size of the alloys and found reliable. The predicted model showed that all of the input parameters effected on the resulting grain size. The NN and GEP based formulation results are compared with experimental results and found to be quite reliable with a very high correlation (R2 = 0.995 for GEP and 0.999 for NN).
3
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Pulse Electrodeposition of Copper-Zinc Coatings from an Alkaline Bath

63%
Kartal M., Alp A., Akbulut H.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
801-803
EN
A copper-zinc bath containing EDTA was used for deposition of multi-functional copper-zinc coatings. Copper substrates were used for pulse electrodeposition of copper-zinc coating. Microhardness and wear resistance of copper-zinc coatings has been studied. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. EDS and EDS-dot mapping were also performed to analyse the amount and the distribution of Cu-Zn atoms.
4
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Samarium-Doped Ceria Nanostructured Thin Films Grown on FTO Glass by Electrodepostion

51%
Živković L., Lair V., Lupan O., Cassir M., Ringuedé A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2011
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vol. 120
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issue 2
298-302
EN
Electrical, optical or catalytic properties of ceria can be tuned via doping by rare earth elements. The innate properties of ceria-based materials can be further amplified by using nanostructured ceria. In this study, Sm-doped ceria (SDC) coatings were grown on the FTO glass substrate by means of cathodic deposition. Films were obtained from mixed Sm^{3+}/Ce^{3+} aqueous nitrate solutions, applying -0.8V/(SCE) potential for 1 h. Selected conditions gave rise to adherent, homogeneous and well-covering nanostructured SDC thin films. EDX analysis showed that 0.8 and 1.5 mol% Sm^{3+} led to 3.4 and 6.3 at.% Sm in the SDC films. XRD and Raman analysis confirmed the formation of cubic fluorite-type CeO_{2}. However, Sm-doping decreased the crystallite size of nanostructured ceria. The effect of annealing on SDC film was also studied. An improvement in crystallite quality was found with increasing temperature. Optical absorption properties were studied and the band gap value (E_g) of 3.07 eV was determined for pure ceria. Sm-doped ceria exhibited a red shifting. The E_g values were 2.97 and 2.81 eV, in due order.
5
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Investigation of the Structural and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Nickel Alloys Fabricated in Various Electrolyte Solutions

51%
Özdemır R., Korkmaz C., Karahan İ.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
1045-1049
EN
Cobalt-Nickel alloys have been widely used for decoration, in magnetic recording devices and corrosion resistance applications, etc. In this study, the influences of cobalt amount in electrolyte on the magnetic and structural properties of the electrodeposited Co-Ni alloys were investigated. An electrolyte solution, consisting of cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and boric acid, was used in electrodeposition. The electrochemical investigation of Co-Ni alloys was completed using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic studies. The morphological and structural analyses of the alloys were performed using inductively coupled plasma, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques. The effect of cobalt concentration on the magnetic properties, phase structure and grain size of the alloys was investigated. Magnetic hysteresis results indicate that the amount of the cobalt content in the electrolyte has a strong influence on the ferromagnetic behavior of fabricated alloys. Results of the study show that changing the electrodeposition parameters, such as composition of electrolyte solution, allows to fabricate alloys with different properties.
6
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"Mechanical Alloying-Compaction-Electroplating" as Technological Scheme for the Development of Nanocomposite Coatings

51%
Popov V.
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vol. 126
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issue 4
1005-1007
EN
A novel technique of producing composite electrochemical coatings with non-agglomerated nanodiamond reinforcing particles uniformly distributed in the matrix was developed. The technique is intended for coatings to be applied by transferring material from the anode to the cathode. The anode is fabricated using the mechanical alloying method that enables a composite with the uniform distribution of non-agglomerated nanoparticles to be formed.
7
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Electrochemical Performance of Pulse Electrodeposited Sn-Ni/MWCNT Composite Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

51%
Uysal M., Görmüş H., Karslıoğlu R., Alp A., Akbulut H.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
353-356
EN
Grain size, and MWCNT content in the electrolyte of nanocrystalline Sn-Ni/MWCNT composite deposits produced from a solution containing nickel chloride and tin chloride at constant electrodeposition conditions (pulse on-time T_{on} at 2.5 ms and pulse off-time T_{off} at 7.5 ms) but with different peak current densities were investigated. The structure of the electroplated thin film Sn-Ni/MWCNTs composite electrode is investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements were performed in the assembled CR2016 cells designed by using anode composite material produced by pulse electro co-deposition. These cells discharge capacities were cyclically tested by a battery tester at a constant current in voltage range between 0.02 and 1.5 V. The electrochemical results showed that the increase in the discharge capacity of the assembled cell was produced when compared with conventionally used graphite lithium-ion batteries.
8
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Coating Effect on Magnetic Properties of Fe_{36}Co_{36}B_{19.2}Si_{4.8}Mo_3W_1 Amorphous Ribbons

51%
Perincek F., Haciismailoglu M., Sarlar K., Haciismailoglu M., Alper M., Kucuk I.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
408-410
EN
In this research, the electrodeposition technique was employed to prepare fine-grained nickel, iron and iron-cobalt coatings with 1 μm thicknesses on the substrate of the Fe_{36}Co_{36}B_{19.2}Si_{4.8}Mo_3W_1 amorphous ribbons. The coating effect on magnetic properties was examined at room temperature using an ADE Magnetics EV9 vibrating sample magnetometer with maximum magnetic field strength of 1750 kA/m. It is found that Ni, Fe, and Fe-Co coated amorphous ribbons show 0.60, 0.71, and 1.01 T saturation magnetization, respectively, while uncoated ribbon has 1.55 T.
9
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Fabrication and Study of the Magnetic Properties of (Fe_{30}Co_{70})_{100-x}Zn_{x} Nanowire Arrays

51%
Sedghi A., Zolfi F., Vali Aghaie S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 6
1706-1711
EN
(Fe_{30}Co_{70})_{100-x}Zn_{x} (0 ≤ x ≤ 10) nanowires with diameters of ≈ 37 nm have been fabricated by AC electrodeposition into pores of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The Fe_{30}Co_{70} and Zn contents of the nanowires have been adjusted by varying the ratio of Fe_{30}Co_{70} and Zn ion concentrations in the electrolyte. The effect of the Zn content and annealing on the magnetic properties (e.g., coercivity and squareness) of nanowires arrays have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and alternating gradient force magnetometer. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that an increase in the concentration of Zn ions of the electrolyte results in significant reduction in coercivity and squareness. It was found that the magnetic properties of nanowires can be significantly improved by appropriate annealing process. The highest values for coercivity (2670 Oe) and squareness (0.99) have been obtained for nanowires electrodeposited using 95/5 and 98/2 Fe_{30}Co_{70}:Zn concentrations at annealing temperatures of 575°C and 550°C, respectively.
10
Content available remote

Electrochemically Deposited Cobalt Nanoarrays in SiO_2/n-Si Templates Produced by Swift Heavy Ion-Induced Modification Technology

51%
Koltunowicz T., Zhukowski P., Fedotova J., Bayev V., Streltsov E., Baran L.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 123
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issue 5
929-931
EN
Nanoarrays of Co nanorods were formed by means of electrochemical deposition in the nanoporous SiO_2/n-Si templates. Structure and magnetic properties at room temperatures were studied by means of atomic force and scanning electron microscopies, vibrating sample magnetometry. The presence of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy component at room temperature makes Co nanorods in the nanoporous SiO_2/n-Si templates promising for nanoelectronic devices and biomedical applications.
11
Content available remote

Magnetoresistance of Electrochemically Produced NiFe and CoNiFe Nanowires

51%
Avcu D., Atalay F., Aydogmus E., Kaya H., Atalay S.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
230-231
EN
CoNiFe and NiFe nanowires were electrochemically produced by dc electrodeposition on highly ordered porous anodic alumina oxide templates. Scanning electron microscope images of nanowires after removing the alumina membrane showed that these nanowires are uniform with the diameters of about 220-300 nm and about 25-30 μm length. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the composition of the nanowires is Ni_{88}Fe_{12}, Co_7Ni_{82}Fe_{11}. Magnetic field was applied by an electromagnet and resistance was measured by four point technique.
12
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Magnetoimpedance Effects in Electrodeposited NiFe Nanowire Array

51%
Aydogmus E., Kaya H., Atalay F., Atalay S., Avcu D.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
227-229
EN
In this work, NiFe nanowires were grown in highly ordered porous anodic alumina oxide templates by dc electrodeposition at a pH value of 2.6. Scanning electron microscopy showed that wires have diameters of about 250-310 nm and length 25-30 μm. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the composition of the nanowires is Ni_{65}Fe_{35}. Electrical contacts were made on both sides of the nanowire array and their magnetoimpedance properties were investigated. All the magnetoimpedance curves showed single peak behavior due to the high shape anisotropy. The maximum magnetoimpedance change at the 79 MHz driving current frequency was ≈ 1.45%.
13
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Magnetoresistance of Electrodeposited Co/Cu Multilayer Nanowires

51%
Avcu D., Atalay F., Atalay S., Kaya H., Aydogmus E.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
1115-1117
EN
Co/Cu multilayer nanowires were electrodeposited potentiostatically on highly ordered porous anodic alumina oxide templates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that wires have diameters of about 250-300 nm and length of 40-50 μm. Co/Cu multilayer nanowire arrays embedded in anodic alumina oxide were mechanically polished with diamond in a suspension of oil until the wires appeared. Then the top and bottom surfaces of the material were coated with a layer of Au with a thickness of 100 nm for electrical contacts. Magnetic field was applied by an electromagnet and resistance was measured by four point technique.
14
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Effect of the Applied Current Density on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of the Electrodeposited Cobalt-Nickel Alloy Thin Films

51%
Özdemır R.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
770-774
EN
In this study, cobalt-nickel (Co-Ni) alloys were deposited electrochemically onto aluminum substrates under applied current densities of 103.8, 138.4, 173 and 207.6 A m¯². Influence of the applied current density on the structural and magnetic properties of the Co-Ni alloys was investigated. The bath for Co-Ni alloys deposition was composed of 0.08 mol l¯¹ CoSO₄·7H₂O, 0.2 mol l¯¹ NiCl₂·6H₂O, 0.1 mol l¯¹ NiSO₄·6H₂O and 0.25 mol l¯¹ H₃BO₃. The electrochemical investigation of Co-Ni alloys was completed using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic studies. Inductively coupled plasma analysis has shown that the amount of the cobalt in the deposited alloy has decreased from 73.61% to 67.01% with the increase of the applied current density from 103.8 to 207.6 A m¯². According to the magnetic analysis results, the values of coercivity coefficient of the deposited Co-Ni alloys range between 115 and 150 Oe, confirming ferromagnetic behavior of the alloys. Experiment results indicate that magnetic and structural properties of the Co-Ni alloy deposits are greatly influenced by the applied current density in the electrodeposition system.
15
Content available remote

Tribological Behavior of Copper/MWCNT Nanocomposites Produced by Pulse Electrodeposition

51%
Gül H., Uysal M., Akbulut H., Alp A.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
254-256
EN
Copper coatings containing well-distributed multiwalled carbon nanotubes were obtained by pulse electrodeposition in acidic sulfate bath in order to improve the microhardness and wear resistance of coatings. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes concentration was determined as the most significant factor for the incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in copper based electrolyte. The amount of embedded multiwalled carbon nanotubes and the microhardness of nanocomposites were found to increase with the increase of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the electrolyte. The tribological properties of nanocomposites deposited by pulse electrocodeposition technique were studied by reciprocating ball on-disk method. The characterization of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction facilities. The experimental results indicated that the wear resistance of copper composite is superior to that of pure copper. The friction coefficient and wear rates decreased with the increase in the concentration of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the electrolyte.
16
Content available remote

Production of Y-Ba-Cu-O Nanowires and Nanotubes by Electrochemical Method

51%
Kaya H., Atalay F., Avsar D., Yagmur V., Atalay S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 123
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issue 2
209-211
EN
In this work, the technological aspects of great importance YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x} superconducting materials were produced in the form of nanotube by electrochemical method. The electrochemical deposition conditions for the Y-Ba-Cu deposition in nanoporous Al_2O_3 were investigated. The heat treatment was applied to Y-Ba-Cu/Al_2O_3 nanopatterns, to form superconductive phase. The resulting nanostructures were found to be in length 4-5 μm, 177-210 nm in diameter. The produced nanostructures at - 4 V and more positive potentials were Y-Ba-Cu nanowires, while the nanostructures deposited at the more negative potentials were of nanotube form.
17
Content available remote

Electrochemical Impedance of Sn Nanowire Arrays

51%
Kaya H., Aydogmus E., Avcu D.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
307-309
EN
In this study, Sn nanowires were produced electrochemically in anodic aluminum oxide membranes. During the deposition process some parameters such as ion content, pH, deposition time, and temperature of solution were kept constant. The scanning electron microscope results showed that the diameters of produced tin nanowires were approximately 300 nm and their lengths were about 8-10 μm. Electrochemical impedance studies of Sn nanowire arrays were also studied by Iviumstat galvanostat/potentiostat system.
18
Content available remote

Corrosion Resistance of Tin Coatings Deposited by Different Methods

45%
Winnicki M., Rutkowska-Gorczyca M., Baszczuk A., Małachowska A., Piwowarczyk T., Ambroziak A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 4
1155-1157
EN
This article describes the study of corrosion resistance of tin coatings deposited onto aluminum alloy substrates using the low pressure cold spraying and electroplating methods. The chemical corrosion resistance was examined using the Kesternich and cyclic salt spray tests inside SO₂ and NaCl climate chambers, respectively. The selected tests allowed simulation of the conditions of the coatings during service. The results were satisfactory for low pressure cold spraying coatings. Coatings produced by electroplating exhibit substantial corrosive losses due to their method of application and low thickness. Evaluation of corrosion were carried out by analyzing changes in the microstructure. Additionally, the physicochemical tests were carried out using X-ray diffraction to verify corrosion changes on the coatings surface.
19
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FTIR Study of Multifunctional Coatings

45%
Paluszkiewicz C., Długoń E., Kwiatek W.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 2
551-554
EN
Nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) or tricalcium phosphates (TCP) connected with fibrous phase create biomimetic system between the natural fibrous and ceramic materials building a bone. Chemical bonding between the implant and host tissue takes place through the phosphate layer, which is created on the bioactive implant surface when in contact with the body fluids environment. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy can yield microstructural information on the segment level complementary to the morphological information acquired from X-ray scattering as well as electron microscopy. The Fourier transform infrared method is applied to study thin films on different substrates. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared microscope technique allows to obtain surface and cross-section maps in reflection and transmission modes. This leads to visualization of chemical imaging between substrates and films. In this work, the coatings with different addition of nanohydroxyapatite were deposited by electrodeposition method on titanium and Ti6Al4V alloys. Additionally, sublayers, such as TiO_2, were used to increase hydroxyapatite coating adhesion. The selection of suspension composition, depositing time and layer heat treatment conditions have the conclusive influence on the films parameters. All these experimental parameters were monitored during the sample preparation procedure. Changes in phase composition of biomaterials were determined by the Fourier transform infrared reflection technique based on focal plane array detection system. It has been found that results obtained by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show the differences between the studied samples as well as that optimum time of HAp deposition was 90 s.
20
Content available remote

Magnetic Moments' Arrangement in Fe Layers Deposited from Acetone Based Electrolyte

45%
Olszewski W., Szymański K., Satuła D., Biernacka M., Talik E.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2008
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vol. 114
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issue 6
1631-1640
EN
The acetone based electrolyte was used for electrodeposition of iron layers on the copper substrate. Two types of surfaces of the deposited layer can be obtained: shiny or black. Magnetic properties of the near-surface regions were studied by the conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The conversion electron Mössbauer spectra revealed apparent dependence of magnetic moments' arrangement on the deposition time. Those results were compared with the magnetization measurements. Composition of black coating was examined by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
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