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Critical Current Limitations and Irradiation Effects in High-Temperature

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Wiśniewski A., Puźniak R., Baran M., Szymczak H.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1993
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vol. 84
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issue 1
139-164
EN
The discovery of high-temperature superconductors stimulated many groups of researchers to study properties of these materials. From the basic point of view the most important problem is to clarify the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. From the practical point of view the most challenging task is to find mechanisms of strong pinning of the vortices, and thereby to obtain materials with high critical current density. The aim of this paper is to discuss problems connected with critical current limitations and to present possibilities which offer irradiation effects with respect to critical current enhancement.
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Comparison of Flux Pinning in Single Crystals and Melt-Textured YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-x}

100%
Puźniak R., Wiśniewski A., Baran M., Zhou L.
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EN
Flux pinning properties of single crystals and melt-textured samples of YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-x} were studied for external magnetic field oriented parallel and perpendicular to the CuO_{2} planes (ab-planes). For H ∥ ab vortex behaviour is mainly determined by a very effective intrinsic pinning mechanism. The irreversibility line is located in the region of higher fields and temperatures in comparison with the irreversibility line for H ⊥ ab. In a single crystal for H ⊥ ab, we observed an increase in the critical current density j_{c} with magnetic field - the so-called "fishtail effect" - in a very broad temperature range. For H ∥ ab, this effect is observed only at temperatures close to T_{c}, when the intrinsic pinning is much weaker.
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Magnetic Flux Density and Radial Distribution of Currents in HTSC Samples of Specific Shape Determined by Genetic Algorithm

100%
Piotrowski K., Gutowska M. U., Gutowski M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1997
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vol. 92
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issue 1
259-262
EN
Flux distribution in a Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8} superconductor sample, shaped as a thin disk with a hole in the center, and covered with a thin layer of magnetic garnet, was observed by means of magneto-optical Faraday effect. Applying external magnetic field perpendicularly to the sample plane with zero field cooling history, we were able to observe the flux trapped in superconductor, visible as concentric rings. Both directions of the trapped field were observed near the sample surface. Using the genetic algorithm we were able to determine the radial distribution of concentric currents in the sample under study.
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