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Effects of Substrate Temperature on Structural Properties of Tin Oxide Films Produced by Plasma Oxidation after Thermal Evaporation

100%
Alaf M., Guler M., Gultekin D., Akbulut H.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2013
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vol. 123
|
issue 2
326-329
EN
In this study, tin film was thermally evaporated onto a stainless steel substrate in an argon atmosphere. The tin films were then subjected to a DC plasma oxidation process using an oxygen/argon gas mixture. Three different substrate temperatures (100°C, 150°C, and 200°C) and three different oxygen partial pressures (12.5%, 25%, and 50%) were used to investigate the physical and microstructural properties of the films. The surface properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and a four-point probe electrical resistivity measurement. The grain size and texture coefficient of the tin oxide films were calculated. Both SnO and SnO_2 films with grain sizes of 13-43 nm were produced, depending on the oxygen partial pressure. SnO films have flower- and flake-like nanostructures, and SnO_2 films have grape-like structures with nanograins. The resistivity values for the SnO_2 phase were found to be as low as 10^{-5} Ω cm and were observed to decrease with increasing substrate temperature.
2
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Microstructural Characterization and Consolidation of Severely Deformed Copper Powder Reinforced with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

100%
Akbarpour M., Salahi E.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 6
1722-1727
EN
In this paper, the mechanical milling process for various durations was used to generate a homogeneous distribution of 1 wt.% carbon nanotube within Cu powder. Effects of milling time on morphology, microstructure, and microhardness of the powder were studied. The results showed that work hardened Cu-carbon nanotube nanocomposite powder with nanosized grains can be fabricated by the mechanical milling of the elemental materials. The addition of carbon nanotubes accelerated the morphological and microstructural evolution during the mechanical milling and influenced the compressibility of the powder. The compressibility behavior of the powder was analyzed using analytical models and used to estimate the strength of the powder. The nanocomposite compacts were sintered in vacuum and showed the maximum relative density of ≈91% at optimum condition.
3
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Tin/Tinoxide (Sn/SnO_2) Nanocomposites Thin Films as Negative-Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries

88%
Alaf M., Gultekin D., Akbulut H.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2013
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vol. 123
|
issue 2
323-325
EN
In this study, tin/tinoxide (Sn/SnO_2) nanocomposites thin films were produced by thermal evaporation and plasma oxidation as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. To produce Sn/SnO_2 thin films, pure metallic tin (Sn) was thermally evaporated on the stainless steel substrates in argon atmosphere. The Sn films were subjected to plasma oxidation process at oxygen/argon gas mixture. Three different plasma oxidation times (30, 45, and 60 min) were used to investigate oxidation kinetics and physical and microstructural properties. The surface properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. For structural analysis, X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out. Sn/SnO_2 coated stainless steel substrates were used as the working electrode in coin-type (CR2016) test cells. The energy storage capacity Sn/SnO_2 electrodes were determined depending on the oxidation time and Sn:SnO_2 ratio.
4
Content available remote

Evaporation of Micro-Droplets: the "Radius-Square-Law" Revisited

88%
Jakubczyk D., Kolwas M., Derkachov G., Kolwas K., Zientara M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 122
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issue 4
709-716
EN
The range of applicability of a fundamental tool for studying the evolution of droplets, the "radius-square-law", was investigated both analytically and numerically, on the basis of the experimental results of our own as well as of other authors. Standard issues were briefly discussed. Departures from the "radius-square-law" caused by the influence of impurities encountered in non-ideal liquids, by the kinetic and surface tension effects encountered for small droplets or by thermal imbalance encountered in light-absorbing droplets were analysed. The entanglement between the kinetic and impurities effects was studied numerically yielding a possible explanation to evaporation coefficient discrepancies found in the literature. An unexpected "radius-square-law" persistence in case of non-isothermal evolutions of very small droplets in atmosphere nearly saturated with vapour was analysed. The coexistence of the kinetic effects and the strong effects of surface tension was found responsible for this effect.
5
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Gas Sensing Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Calixarene Molecules Measured by QCM Techniques

75%
Mermer Ö., Okur S., Sümer F., Özbek C., Sayın S., Yılmaz M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
|
issue 1
240-242
EN
This study focuses on the characterization and optimization of calixarene modified carbon nanotube thin films for gas detection. Calixarene molecules were synthesized individually by considering their functional groups to attract the gas. Calixarene modified carbon nanotube based sensors were fabricated using drop-casting method on a quartz crystal microbalance gold electrode. Carbon monoxide, carbondioxide, oxygen and dry air were used as active gases for adsorption process, while high-purity nitrogen gas was used for desorption process. The selectivity and sensitivity of calixarene modified carbon nanotube are investigated in detail. Our experimental results show that functional calixarene modified carbon nanotube coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors are very sensitive and selective to gas of CO_2 at room temperature operation.
6
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Odor Adsorption Kinetics on Modified Textile Materials Using Quartz Microbalance Technique

75%
Sarıışık M., Okur S., Asma Ş.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 1
243-246
EN
In this study, a functional product with aromatic oil and vitamins for use at aromatherapy and spa centers or personal care has been designed to improve life quality of users by using multifunctional products with good odor, moisturizing, relaxation, anti-aging effects. For this purpose, commercial berry berry oil was capsulated in β-cyclodextrin, and then applied to 100% cotton towel fabric. Quartz crystal microbalance sensors were used to investigate odor adsorption kinetics on modified textile materials for the first time. The frequency responses vs. time plot shows clear linear step responses to the change in the concentration of odor molecules coming from the container filled with berry berry applied textile. The results also reveal that TiO_2 coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors can be used as e-nose to sense odor from textile coated with berry berry oil containing β-cyclodextrin capsules.
7
Content available remote

Electrical Characterization of Interdigitated Humidity Sensors Based on CNT Modified Calixarene Molecules

75%
Özbek C., Culcular E., Okur S., Yılmaz M., Kurt M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 123
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issue 2
461-463
EN
In this study, we report on the optimization and characterization of chloroform soluble calix[4]arene derivative as a humidity sensor based on electrical properties. Due to the fact that calix[4]arene molecules are nonconductive, we modified the calix[4]arene molecules with carbon nanotubes with electrostatic bond in order to increase the conductance of calix[4]arene molecule (5,11,17,23-tetra-ter-butyl-25,27-dehydrazinamidcarbonilmetoxy-26,28-dehydroxy-kalix[4]aren). Using photolithography technique, we fabricated interdigitated gold electrodes with 3 micrometers separation to investigate the electrical properties of carbon nanotubes modified calix[4]arene molecule where we used dropcast method to form a thin film of carbon nanotubes modified calix[4]arene molecule on the gold electrodes. Our reproducible experimental results indicated that the chloroform soluble carbon nanotubes modified calix[4]arene films have great potential for humidity sensing applications at room temperature operations.
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