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1
Content available remote

Selecting Mother Wavelet for Wavelet Analysis of On-Load Tap Changer Acoustic Emission

100%
Cichoń A., Berger P., Wotzka D.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
|
issue 3
310-314
EN
Wavelet transformation is one of the most popular tools for acoustic signal analysis. It provides good resolution both in time and frequency domains as well as wide choice of mother wavelets - this makes wavelet transformation a choice when flexible approach is required. However, selecting parameters of analysis can be difficult, especially regarding mother wavelet as different mother wavelets have various properties regarding number of vanishing moments and symmetry. This paper presents studies to determine the possibility of on-load tap changer wear detection by applying wavelet transformation. In research, different mother wavelets were selected and their usefulness was examined. Signals to be analyzed were obtained during on-load tap changer operation in different mechanical conditions - simulating devices wear in service. All measurements were performed on model very similar to real industrial on-load tap changer. Tests were conducted in controlled laboratory environment, reducing most of the possible disruptions.
2
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Application of Predictive Maintenance System in Drinking Water Pumping Stations

100%
Kiliç R., Kozan R., Karayel D., Özkan S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
1016-1021
EN
Pumping stations are some of the most important facilities of water administration. Continuous operation of these facilities is of utter importance, to be able to serve at all times. Maintenance of these facilities is also crucial for uninterrupted operation. In this study, the functioning of the predictive maintenance technique, which is based on the vibration analysis, is briefly addressed, and the application of the technique in a real system is presented. In the real system, the steps that must be done in order to apply this system are shown step-by-step. At the end of the study, the failures determined by using the predictive maintenance method are analyzed, and solution suggestions are presented.
3
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Solving a Set of Spherical Equations for Localization of Partial Discharges by Acoustic Emission Method

80%
Boczar T., Witkowski P., Borucki S., Cichoń A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 3
299-305
EN
This article deals with the subject matter of improvement of the acoustic emission methods used for location of partial discharges, which may occur inside power transformer insulation systems. Analytical solutions of spherical equations for location of partial discharge generation using the acoustic method were shown in detail. Presented in the article method of solving the assumed equations is based on the analytical method and matrix notation. Theoretical considerations and later the measurement-based verification refer to the use of the triangulation method for location of the occurrence of partial discharges. The results of the scientific and research works that have been presented in this article are the next stage of research aimed at development of on-line diagnosis system for insulation systems of electrical equipment, allowing for detection, measurement and identification of forms and locations of partial discharges using the acoustic emission method.
4
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Diagnostics of the Core Mechanical Construction Based on Vibroacoustic Measurements and Distribution of Temperature Field in Transformer Magnetic Circuit

80%
Borucki S., Cichon A., Boczar T.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
|
issue 3
306-309
EN
Subject matter of this article concerns the results of research works on the development and use of the vibroacoustic method to evaluate technical state of transformer cores. The article presents obtained measurement results of transformer mechanical vibration for two cases of its operation: with twisted and loosened core. In order to demonstrate negative effects of operating a transformer with a loosened core, this publication presents thermographic images showing temperature distribution on its magnetic core. The article characterises the examined transformer, employed measurement system and methodology of the completed experiment. The vibroacoustic and thermographic measurements were carried out during idle work of the transformer. Core vibration was registered for three measurement axes: 0X, 0Y and 0Z. Completed tests have proven that loosened screws pressing the core cause evident increase in the value of magnetic core vibration acceleration. At the same time, the temperature rises by more than 25%.
5
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Analysis of Ionizing Radiation Generated by Partial Discharges

80%
Zmarzły D., Nagi Ł., Borucki S., Boczar T.
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vol. 125
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issue 6
1377-1379
EN
This paper presents the preliminary results of the performed experiment, based on common phenomenon of partial discharges. A simple Geiger-Muller counter (DP-66M) was used for measurement of a dose of ionizing radiation, which is accompanied by partial discharges. Values from which the radiation intensity was dependent could be controlled individually: the distance between measurer and source, as well as the voltage generating partial discharges. The obtained results indicate that in the examined phenomenon, significant dose of X-ray radiation is present. According to the Kramers-Kulenkampff theory, it depends also on the atomic number of elements involved. Using MATLAB software, the obtained data were compiled to develop suitable theory for further research study. There was also implemented fuzzification for the fuzzy logic, and the effect was the capability of forecasting radiation doses according to the fixed variables for a given material, where partial discharges were generated.
6
Content available remote

The Critical Evaluation of the Vibroacoustic Criteria Used in Poland to Diagnose of Power Transformer Cores

80%
Borucki S., Cichon A., Boczar T., Zmarzly D.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2013
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vol. 124
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issue 3
391-394
EN
The subject matter of this article concerns the diagnostic test results of transformer cores by measuring and analysing vibroacoustic signals registered during their normal operation. The main objective of this research study conducted by the authors, the results of which are published in this paper, is a critical analysis of vibroacoustic criteria, which are adopted in Poland nowadays, and based on which, the assessment of the core technical condition is performed. This article presents exemplary results that were obtained on two twin units of type TET 8509 with a power of 40 MVA. The paper specifies diagnosed structures, the measurement system applied, and the currently used methodology to assess the degree of core loosening. To determine the efficacy and assessment accuracy of the applied vibroacoustic criteria, correlation between mechanical vibration measurements of the tested transformer tanks and results obtained by gas chromatography was performed.
7
Content available remote

Modeling of Acoustic Emission Signals Generated in On Load Tap Changer

80%
Cichoń A., Borucki S., Wotzka D.
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vol. 125
|
issue 6
1396-1399
EN
The paper deals with mathematical modeling of acoustic emission signals which are generated in on load tap changers. In power engineering area acoustic emission method is commonly used for diagnosis purposes. Authors in their research works apply it for detection of defects occurring in on load tap changers, which are important elements of power transformers. The acoustic emission method is based on measurements performed by use of wideband piezoelectric transducers that are mounted on transformer tank surface. The registered signal is then analyzed in the time, frequency, and time-frequency domains or is evaluated with computer expert systems for diagnosis purposes. Depending on indicators device technical condition can be determined. The contribution given by the authors in this paper is proposal of a mathematical model, which describes envelope of the measured acoustic emission signal.
8
Content available remote

Selecting Sensor for On Load Tap Changer Contacts Degree of Wear Diagnostics

80%
Cichoń A., Borucki S., Berger P.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2013
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vol. 124
|
issue 3
395-398
EN
Results of scientific research works considering selection of measuring transducer applied for registration of acoustic emission signals generated by on load tap changers are presented in the paper. During the coupling process acoustic emission signals are generated by: the mechanical setup of tap changer, contacts operation, and other phenomena. For most on load tap changers types, the working medium is insulation oil in which the acoustic wave being formed propagates to the steal tank. There exists a possibility to register acoustic emission signals with a piezoelectric transducer attached to the outer tank surface or with a hydrophone immersed in the oil. Acoustic emission signal obtained in such manner contains information which describes operation of the power tap changer and the selector. A comparative analysis of acoustic emission signals generated by on load tap changers working under laboratory conditions, with applied measuring transducers with different transmittances, is presented in the paper. The comparative analysis was performed in order to determine their suitability for on load tap changers technical condition diagnosis. Based on the results achieved, one transducer which allows the registration of acoustic events generated during on load tap changers operation was selected.
9
Content available remote

Time-Frequency Analysis of Mechanical Vibrations of the Dry Type Power Transformer Core

80%
Borucki S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2011
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vol. 120
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issue 4
571-574
EN
The paper presents research results referring to the development of a non-invasive method of assessment of the power transformer core technical condition based on the analysis of the mechanical vibrations registered. It characterizes the power object under study, the measuring system used and the developed methodology of assessment of the core pressing degree using the vibroacoustic method. The original results of the time-frequency analysis of the vibroacoustic signals presented in the paper were obtained during switching on a real 800 kVA dry type power transformer in laboratory conditions. The analysis of the signals registered was carried out for three states of its operation: the core pressed by the manufacturer, the core with loose screws fixing the upper yoke and the core with separated upper yoke beams.
10
Content available remote

Sound Radiation by Vibrating Building Partitions in Terms of Acceptable Vibration Values

80%
Szeląg A., Stypuła K., Kamisiński T.
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vol. 125
|
issue 4A
A-122-A-126
EN
The subject of this study is an analysis of the phenomenon of sound radiation generated by vibrating building partitions in terms of acceptable vibration values set out in PN-88/B-02171: Evaluation of the vibration impact on people in buildings. The aim of the research was to determine conditions when vibration limits, determined as those providing the required human comfort according to the standard, do not meet the requirements of PN-87/B-02151/02 describing sound level limits in rooms. In order to carry out research showing the phenomenon, various aspects of sound radiation by vibrating building partitions were analyzed theoretically. It was assumed that the vibration velocity of elements did not exceed the limits specified in the standard. Calculations were carried out, in particular, for variants with variable thickness or surface of vibrating partition as well as various types of the construction material. Furthermore, the minimum vibration duration was determined for which the values of noise exceeded the sound level limits.
11
Content available remote

Structural Noise Reduction and Its Effects on Plate Vibrations

80%
Trojanowski R., Wiciak J.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
|
issue 1A
A-148-A-151
EN
The aim of this work is reduction of structural noise generated by plate and its impact on plates vibrations. For this purpose a one-side clamped aluminum plate with 5 piezo elements attached is used. One of the elements is used for plate excitation, two as vibration sensors, and two as actuators. Structural noise is measured by a microphone connected with SVAN 912 E. Study was divided into three parts: measurements of vibrations and noise generated by excited plate, active vibration control, and structural noise reduction. A significant noise local noise reduction is obtained, although with increase in plate vibrations.
12
Content available remote

Repeatability Estimation for Vibration Measurement Results of Power Transformer Core

80%
Borucki S., Cichon A., Skubis J., Boczar T.
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vol. 125
|
issue 6
1299-1302
EN
The subject matter of this paper refers to the diagnostics of a transformer core, based on measurements and analysis of vibroacoustic signals registered during their normal operation. The paper presents results of the research aimed to evaluate the repeatability of vibration measurements for power transformer core. Recording of vibroacoustic signals was performed under laboratory conditions on dry-insulated transformers. The study concerned evaluation of changes in vibroacoustic indicators of the transformer core during operation with a turned and loosened core. Conclusions from the measurement results were drawn on the basis of the parametric test of significance derived from the variance analysis for many means of single classification basing on the Fisher-Snedecor F-distribution.
13
Content available remote

Comparison of Efficiency of Different Shapes of Homogeneous and Two-Part Piezo Elements on Vibration Reduction

80%
Trojanowski R., Wiciak J.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 122
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issue 5
905-907
EN
The subject of this work is a numerical analysis of efficiency of different piezo element shapes and types used for vibration (and later structural sound) reduction. The shapes of both types of piezo elements used are as follows: square, right-angled triangle, and parallelogram. There are 2 types of piezo elements used in this study: homogeneous elements and elements consisting of 2 parts (inner and outer) of different composition. These are attached to steel plate clamped on all sides. For every simulation 5 elements are used as actuators, with 1 as disturbance source, and other 4 as active dampers. On the other side of a plate 4 elements are placed acting as vibration sensors. The actuator used as a disturbance source as well as sensors are always in the shape of a square. 4 modes were taken into account (analyzed each one singular and all together). Analyses were made with the use of ANSYS software.
14
Content available remote

Vibroacoustic Measurements in a Transient State οf Transformer Operation

80%
Borucki S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 116
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issue 3
277-280
EN
The subject matter of this paper refers to the assessment of the technical condition of a power transformer core and windings based on vibroacoustic measurements taken during a transient operation state of the appliance diagnosed - at a transformer unit switch on. The paper presents preliminary results of the research work carried out, which aims at elaborating a new diagnostic and assessment method of the degree of the transformer core and winding pressing using the so-called modified vibroacoustic method. The paper characterizes the measurement path and the assessment method of the core and winding pressing degree based on the selected analyses of the vibroacoustic signal registered. The original research results presented in the paper were obtained at a real 400 kV A power transformer switch on in laboratory conditions - for a regular operation condition and for modeled core damage.
15
Content available remote

The Effect of Material Composition of Piezoelectric Elements with Chosen Shapes on Plate Vibration Reduction

80%
Wiciak J., Trojanowski R.
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vol. 125
|
issue 4A
A-179-A-182
EN
This paper presents numerical analysis of efficiency of different shapes and material composition of piezoelectric actuators used for vibration reduction. Four numerical models representing a plate clamped on all sides with two attached piezoelectric elements were created. For each model, one element had the same shape and composition and was used for plate excitation, and the other one, used for vibration reduction, had different shape and possibly material composition and could be of square or circular shape with either homogeneous or two-part material composition. Two modes were taken into account: the first mode and the fifth mode. Analysis of results was performed with ANSYS software.
16
Content available remote

Evaluation of the Active Plate Vibration Reduction by the Parameter of the Acoustic Field

80%
Brański A., Szela S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2011
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vol. 119
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issue 6A
942-945
EN
Effectiveness of the active vibration reduction of triangular plate is evaluated by way of the analysis of acoustical field. The active vibration reduction is performed with actuators. The effect is measured by the analysis of the acoustical field both far distance and near one from the plate. As the control parameter, the difference between acoustical pressures is considered. The first pressure and the second one are radiated by the plate without and with the vibration reduction, respectively. The control parameter is calculated for two reduction cases. First case, when actuators are attached at so-called quasi-optimal places and second one, when they are shifted. The numerical calculations show that the acoustical field is sensitive to change of the plate active vibration reduction. It responds to even little changes of the plate vibrations in both active reduction cases mentioned above. So that it is handy indirect control parameter of the active vibration reduction.
17
Content available remote

Comparison of Vibration and Acoustic Pressure Reduction Using Different Types of Piezo actuators

80%
Wiciak J., Trojanowski R.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 1A
A-62-A-66
EN
This paper presents results of numerical simulations on reduction of sound pressure radiated from a square plate using different types of piezo actuators. For this purpose a FEM model was developed using ANSYS software with said steel plate with a hemisphere of air on one side of the plate. There are two criteria by which the reduction is measured: minimising vibrations of plate area and minimising sound pressure on a half sphere surrounding the plate. Changes in the results for both the radiated sound pressure and plate vibration are discussed.
18
Content available remote

The Wavelet Analysis of the Vibroacoustic Signal Measurement in a Transient State Operation of Power Transformer

80%
Borucki S., Cichon A., Boczar T., Zmarzly D.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 122
|
issue 5
800-803
EN
The article presents the results of attempts made to develop a non-invasive diagnostic method of a technical state of a transformer's core based on an analysis of mechanical vibrations registered during the start-up of the transformer analyzed. The paper presents a characteristic of the transformer under study, the measuring systems applied and the method developed for assessing the degree of the core loosening. The original results presented in the paper have been obtained under laboratory conditions during tests conducted on an oil transformer of 200 kVA. The analysis of recorded virboacoustic signals was performed by means of discrete wavelet transform for three different operating cases: the transformer with no core defect, the transformer with loose screws of the magnetic circuit of the upper yoke, and the transformer with completely loosen screws of the beam of the upper yoke and the lower core. The signals have been recorded on two perpendicular measuring axes: 0X and 0Y and their measured values were subject to the wavelet analysis.
19
Content available remote

New Multimode Sonotrodes Models Designed for Rotary Ultrasonic Welding Systems

61%
Kogut P., Milewski A., Kardyś W., Kluk P., Gawryś P.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 124
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issue 3
474-478
EN
The paper presents methods of designing sonotrodes, working in varied mechanical vibration modes in high power application regime such as rotary ultrasonic welding systems. The aim of the sonotrode design process is to optimize its shape to achieve the best energy efficiency for a given welding process. Sonotrode geometry influences the power transferred to the welded element because it determines the vibration amplitude distribution in the sonotrode. The most popular applications use sonotrodes designed for axial vibration. Conducted research have shown that the optimal displacement and strain distribution is achieved for sonotrodes working in various vibration modes such as axial, transverse, radial or their compositions. In the paper examples of multimode sonotrode models for various rotary ultrasonic welding technologies have been presented.
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