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1
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A Simple Approximation of an Infinite Dilution Solvating Energy of Ions in Dipolar and Polarizable Solvents

100%
Gradzki F.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 116
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issue 2
165-168
EN
The infinite dilution solvating energy of ions in a solvent is considered. The ions are treated as hard spheres with point charges and the solvent molecules are treated as dipolar and polarizable hard spheres. The diameter of ion can be different than the diameter of solvent molecule. It can be seen that contribution from permanent dipolar moment of the solvent is bigger (and so more important) than the contribution from polarizability of the solvent.
2
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Electric Polarization of Onsager Fluids. I. Dipole Polarization. 1. Electric Moments of Free Molecules

63%
Prezhdo V., Tarasova G., Prezhdo O., Tyurin S., Akulova O., Kurskaya T.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1993
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vol. 84
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issue 2
253-258
EN
An attempt was made to modify the model Onsager theory. A polarizable molecular dipole enclosed in a spherical cavity is substituted for a rigid one submerged in the polarizable medium which fills the cavity. The local dielectric permittivity of the Heaviside type is replaced for the oscillating, rapidly damping function of the Fresnel integral. The analytical expressions deduced allow to estimate dipoles of free molecules, starting from the results of dielectrometry of polar fluids. The obtained values are as close as possible to the experimental data on a great variety of pure organic liquids.
3
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Electro-Optical Kerr Effect Measurements in Conducting Systems

63%
Prezhdo O., Khaschina M., Novikov Y., Prezhdo V.
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vol. 96
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issue 3-4
341-352
EN
A new method of investigation of electro-optical properties of conducting media is proposed based on a contactless scheme for capacitance measurements. Using alternating electric current, the method is applied to study Kerr effect in a series of single and multi-component conducting liquid systems.
4
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Electric Polarization of Onsager Fluids. I. Dipole Polarization. 3. The Role of Universal Pairwise Interactions

63%
Prezhdo V. V., Tarasova G. V., Prezhdo O. V., Τyurin S. A., Ivanov N. I., Kurskaya T. N.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1995
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vol. 88
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issue 3
419-434
EN
A comparative study of the methods of interpretation of solvent influences on electric properties of molecules was conducted based on experimental dielectric properties of dilute solutions of organic substances of various polarity. It was shown that the solvent effect estimated via London-Debye-Keesom pairwise interaction potentials is best accounted for by theories of polarization of condense media which develop the anzatzes of reactive field and local dielectric permittivity.
5
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Electric Polarization of Onsager Fluids. 1. Dipole Polarization. 2. Binary Solutions of Organic Compounds

63%
Prezhdo V., Tyurin S., Prezhdo O., Tarasova G., Akulova O., Kurskaya T.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1994
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vol. 85
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issue 3
509-515
EN
Set forth in the previous report [1], the continual theory of dipole polarization of molecular fluids, which suggests substitution of the rigid Onsager sphere for the polarizable body and takes into consideration electric induction of this body and its nearest surroundings, is extended in this paper to binary solutions with diverse polarities. Dipole moments of free molecules of dissolved substances were calculated from experimental data of dielectrometry of a large number of extremely diluted organic substances and are close to the corresponding gaseous phase values. On the ground of solution polarization measurements the criterion of physical consistency of various models of the condensed medium internal field is proposed.
6
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Content available

The Role of Intermolecular Interactions in the Electro-Optical Kerr Effect in Liquid Alkanes

63%
Prezhdo O., Switek L., Zubkova V., Prezhdo V.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2005
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vol. 108
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issue 3
429-447
EN
The electro-optical Kerr effect of n-alkanes from C_5 to C_{16} was investigated in gas phase, liquid phase, and solution. The values of the Kerr constants in gas phase are noticeably distinguishable from those in liquids, where the molecules interact by the London dispersion forces. Both the energy of the dispersion interaction and the difference in the Kerr constants in liquid and gas phase grow with molecular size, indicating the key influence of the interaction on the magnitude of the Kerr effect. Several orientation and molecular-statistical theories of electro-optical Kerr effect were applied to model the change in electro-optical Kerr effect due to the dispersion force. Most theories show significant divergence compared to the experimental data. It is argued that the decisive contribution to electro-optical Kerr effect in liquids and the deviations between the experiment and theory arise due to local liquid structures that collectively orient in the external electric field.
7
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Content available

Application of the Electro-Optical Kerr Effect in Physical-Chemical Analysis of Binary Systems

51%
Prezhdo O., Tyurin S., Pisarczyk M., Odziemek A., Prezhdo V.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2002
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vol. 101
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issue 4
477-494
EN
Applications of the electro-optical Kerr effect in physical-chemical analysis of binary mixtures are reviewed. Improvements in the experimental techniques, in particular, development of the pulsed and alternating electric field based approaches, have led to significant advances in this area. However, problems associated with the description of the internal field of liquids remain and hamper broader applications of the techniques. It is shown that a further progress in the electro-optical Kerr effect characterization of chemical systems relies on the development of a more general theory of optical properties of condensed phase chemical mixtures that can account for nonlinear effects, such as hyperpolarizability, dispersion and specific conditions of the Kerr constant measurements.
8
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Electric Polarization of Onsager Fluids. II. Birefringence. 2. Molar Kerr Constants of Binary Solutions

51%
Prezhdo V. V., Tarasova G. V., Prezhdo O. V., Tyurin S. A., Akulova O. N., Kurskaya T. N.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1994
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vol. 86
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issue 3
327-332
EN
On the ground of dielectrometry and electric birefringence data we calculated molar Kerr constants of substances dissolved in organic media of diverse polarity and polarizability under the conditions of infinite dilution. Minimal errors of the calculated constants, in relation to their gaseous phase values, were achieved as a result of the introduction of the local field model, which evolves the concepts of reactive field and local electric induction of a polarized fluid, into the orientational theory of Kerr effect.
9
Content available remote

Excited States in Solid Phenothiazine as Studied by Electroabsorption Spectroscopy

51%
Kalinowski J., Stampor W., Fattori V., Di Marco P.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1995
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vol. 87
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issue 6
953-964
EN
Electric field modulated absorption spectra of vapor deposited layers of phenothiazine, explained in terms of a quadratic Stark effect, indicate modification of intramolecular (Frenkel-type) excitons by charge transfer transi­tions throughout UVIS absorption spectrum in the range 250-450 nm. The charge transfer character of the excited states appears at energies characteristic of various oxidation products of phenothiazine as identified from a spectroscopic study of photochemical air oxidation, performed on solution and solid film samples of this compound. The charge transfer transitions are ascribed to electron transfer between the molecules of phenothiazine and their oxidized species created in the samples during preparation and handling procedures.
10
Content available remote

Electric Polarization of Onsager Fluids. II. Birefringence. 3. Role of Universal Pairwise Interactions

51%
Prezhdo V., Tarasova G., Prezhdo O., Tyurin S., Akulova O., Ivanov N.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1996
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vol. 89
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issue 1
47-59
EN
A comparative analysis of several methods of interpretation of solvent influence on molar Kerr constants of solutes was done. The analysis was based on experimentally determined electro-optical and dielectric properties of binary solutions of organic substances with various polarities, polarizabilities and optical anisotropies. It was found that the role of universal van-der-Waals interactions treated via London-Debye-Keesom potentials was best accounted for by a modified orientational theory of Kerr effect that developed the ansatz of reactive field and local dielectric permittivity. An extrapolation method of determination of gas phase molar Kerr constants of solutes was deduced from the theory.
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