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Background level of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in lymphocyte DNA does not correlate with the concentration of antioxidant vitamins in blood plasma.

100%
Gackowski D., Ciecierski M., Jawień A., Oliński R.
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2001
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vol. 48
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issue 2
535-539
EN
Antioxidant vitamins, being effective free radical scavengers, can protect cellular DNA from oxidative damage. Therefore, in the present study we report on the relationship between basal level of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in human lymphocyte DNA and the concentration of antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E). The average level of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in lymphocytes of the studied group (15 males and 20 females) was 9.57 per 106 dG molecules. The endogenous level of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the plasma was, on average, 56.78 μM, while the mean concentrations of retinol (vitamin A) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) were 1.24 μM and 25.74 μM, respectively. No correlations were found between individual 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in lymphocyte DNA and endogenous concentration of the vitamins.
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Selenite restores Pax6 expression in neuronal cells of chronically arsenic-exposed Golden Syrian hamsters

88%
Aguirre-Vázquez A., Sampayo-Reyes A., González-Escalante L., Hernández A., Marcos R., Castorena-Torres F., Lozano-Garza G., Taméz-Guerra R., Bermúdez de León M.
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2017
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vol. 64
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issue 4
635-639
EN
Arsenic is a worldwide environmental pollutant that generates public health concerns. Various types of cancers and other diseases, including neurological disorders, have been associated with human consumption of arsenic in drinking water. At the molecular level, arsenic and its metabolites have the capacity to provoke genome instability, causing altered expression of genes. One such target of arsenic is the Pax6 gene that encodes a transcription factor in neuronal cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two antioxidants, α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) and sodium selenite, on Pax6 gene expression levels in the forebrain and cerebellum of Golden Syrian hamsters chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water. Animals were divided into six groups. Using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR analysis, we confirmed that arsenic downregulates Pax6 expression in nervous tissues by 53 ± 21% and 32 ± 7% in the forebrain and cerebellum, respectively. In the presence of arsenic, treatment with α-TOS did not modify Pax6 expression in nervous tissues; however, sodium selenite completely restored Pax6 expression in the arsenic-exposed hamster forebrain, but not the cerebellum. Although our results suggest the use of selenite to restore the expression of a neuronal gene in arsenic-exposed animals, its use and efficacy in the human population require further studies.
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Effect of extraction conditions of paprika oleoresins on their free radical scavenging and anticancer activity

88%
Šaponjac V., Četojević-Simin D., Ćetković G., Čanadanović-Brunet J., Djilas S., Mandić A., Tepić A.
Open Chemistry
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2014
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vol. 12
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issue 3
377-385
EN
Ground spice paprika was extracted with hexane, by conventional Soxhlet procedure (SX oleoresin), and with supercritical carbon dioxide at three different pressures - 20, 30 and 40 MPa (SF20, SF30 and SF40 oleoresins). The effect of extraction method and conditions on the colour intesity of paprika oleoresins, content of α-tocopherol, as well as antioxidant and antiproliferative activity was examined. Hexane showed highest selectivity for paprika pigments (886.02 ASTA), while α-tocopherol showed highest solubility (3846.9 mg kg−1) in supercritical carbon dioxide at 20 MPa. All paprika oleoresins exhibited good superoxide anion radical scavenging activity SF30 being the best superoxide anion radical scavenger. Cell growth activity was evaluated in vitro in human cell lines:cervix epitheloid carcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) and colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29). The highest antiproliferative activity was exhibited by SX in MCF7 cell line (IC50=14.28 mg mL−1). Extract SF40 produced significant and selective antiproliferative action towards HeLa cell line. These results suggest that paprika oleoresins, due to high antiradical and tumor cell-inhibiting activity, can be regarded as functional food ingredients.
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