Multiple sclerosis (MS) a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) is believed to have a T-cell mediated autoimmune etiology. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene is a strong candidate for the involvement in autoimmune diseases because CTLA-4 plays an important role in downregulation of early and late stages of T cell activation and maintenance of peripheral T cell tolerance. To examine the genetic association of the CTLA-4 gene locus with MS, we analyzed exon 1 CTLA-4 gen polymorphism A(49)G in 102 unrelated Polish MS patients in Lower Silesia region and 101 age and sex matched healthy subjects. The distribution of CTLA-4 exon 1 A(49)G genotype, phenotype and allele frequencies did not differ between patients with MS and healthy subjects.
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