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The Effect of Toad Venom on Some Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Albino Wistar Rats

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Elendu M. U., Ejiofor D. C., Iheukwumere C. B., Akubuo C. R.-M.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 62
294-306
EN
This research evaluated the impact of toad venom on certain hematological and biochemical parameters in albino Wistar rats. A total of twenty male albino Wistar rats, each weighing between 120 and 150 g, were utilized in this investigation. They were divided into four groups. The control group received distilled water, while the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were administered 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg of toad venom orally, respectively. Blood samples were obtained after 24, 48, and 72 hours through ocular puncture into EDTA and plain containers for hematological and biochemical evaluations. The findings indicated a statistically significant decrease in red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The results also revealed an increase in white blood cell count and its differentials, heightened levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), and elevated potassium levels (p < 0.05) relative to the control group (hyperkalemia). All these effects intensified with a rise in the dosage of toad venom. Additionally, there was a minor increase in creatinine and urea, which was statistically insignificant. In summary, the consumption of toad venom in rats resulted in a reduction in RBC and Hb (erythrocyte) counts, elevated WBC counts, and liver enzyme abnormalities based on their values under the experimental conditions noted. Key Words: Toad venom, hematological and biochemical parameters, health implications.
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