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Benchmarking Performance of Sesame Crop (Sesamum indicum L.) with Supplemental Irrigation, and Water Harvesting Techniques

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Mohammed H. I., Adam H., Ramlawi H. R., Elfadil A. D.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2023
|
vol. 47
28-38
EN
A field experiment was conducted in Butana area in season 2019 and season 2020 in a randomized factorial design with three replications to benchmark the performance of sesame crop (Plant height "cm", moisture content "%", number of capsules/ plant, seeds weight (mg), and mean yield "kg/ha") under three water harvesting techniques (tied furrows, semi-circular bund and contour basin " basins enclosed by traditional terraces") assigned to the main plots, and three watering practices (fully-irrigated, supplemental irrigation and rain - fed systems) assigned to sub-plot. Water was applied from a farm reservoir "Hafir" to the field by a mobile gun sprinkler. Statistical analysis indicated that both water harvesting techniques and watering application practices significantly (p<0.05) improved sesame growth attributes and grain yield. The mean seed yield obtained from supplemental irrigated treatments (467.5 kg/ha) is significantly higher by 29% than yield obtained with rain - fed system (361.3 kg/ha), and equivalent to 72% of that obtained with full irrigation (644.3 kg/ha). When comparing water harvesting techniques semi-circular bund shows significant increase in mean grain yield, and moisture content while tied furrows shows significant increase in seed weight, and plant height. The traditional basin (terraces) resulted in the least values of seed yield and yield attributes except it is only highest for number of seed per capsule. The obtained results showed that, application of supplementary irrigation in congestion with semi-circular bund could be an important climate change adaptation strategy in areas with variable rain amount and un even distribution.
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