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EN
Surface modification of medical implants is often required to improve their biocompatibility or, through bioactive properties of the surface material, facilitate its intergrowth with the living tissue. Bioactive-glass coatings can serve that purpose for the bone implants. We report a successful preparation of silicate-phosphate bioactive-glass coating on titanium substrate using the pulsed laser deposition method and present the coating characterization in terms of bonding configuration and chemical activity. The former was studied with high-resolution Raman microspectroscopy and revealed the presence of structural units responsible for the material's bioactivity. The bioactivity was also tested directly, in vitro, by soaking the samples in the simulated body fluid and examining the result with the Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectrum, typical of hydroxyapatite was observed proving that the bone-like-material formed on the coating's surface.
EN
Direct laser interference lithography is a new and low cost technique which can generate the line- or dot-like periodic patterns over large areas. In the present work, we report on direct fabrication of micrometer structures on Si surface. In the experiments the pulsed high power Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm wavelength was used. Two-beam configuration with an angle of incidence of 40° was employed and different laser fluences up to 2.11 J/cm^2 were tested. Areas about 1 cm in diameter have been processed with a single pulse of 10 ns. The laser treated samples were analyzed by atomic force microscopy to investigate the surface topography and to measure the size and depth of the achieved structures. We observed periodic line-like arrays with grating period of the order of 1 μm.
EN
A low magnetic field magnetic resonance imaging system for small animal lung imaging using hyperpolarized ^3He gas is presented. The hyperpolarized ^3He gas at 1 mbar pressure and 30% polarization is obtained by the metastability exchange optical pumping technique. The magnetic resonance imaging unit is based on a permanent magnet of open geometry, built from a new generation Nd-B-Fe magnetic material. It produces the magnetic field of 88 mT with homogeneity better than 50 ppm in the 10 cm diameter sphere, after application of passive shimming. The magnetic field gradients of 30 mT/m are generated by a set of biplanar, actively shielded gradient coils. The first ^1H images of various biological objects, as well as ^3He images of the rat lung in vivo obtained in the described system are shown. In terms of sensitivity and resolution, the technique is superior to conventional ^1H magnetic resonance imaging, and offers great possibilities in early diagnosis of lung diseases.
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