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Electrical hippocampal activity during danger and safety signals in classical conditioning in the rat

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Kasicki S., Jelen P., Olszewski M., Slawinska U.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2009
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vol. 69
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issue 1
119-128
EN
The effect of stimuli predicting danger (DS) and safety (SS) in Pavlovian aversive conditioning on hippocampal local field potentials (LFP) was studied in 25 partially restrained adult male rats (Long-Evans). DS lasting 5 s preceded tail-shock, while SS overlapping DS during DS last 3 s predicted omission of shock. The power spectra of LFPs during trials were analyzed in theta and delta frequency bands. In DS, theta frequency during the last 3 s was lower that in first 2 s. In danger and safety situation theta peak frequency was different for dorsal CA1 activity (5.99 Hz vs. 6.86 Hz, respectively), while delta peak frequency was different for ventral CA1 (1.56 Hz vs. 1.07 Hz) for the last 3 s of trial. Differences in theta frequency in danger and safety situation may reflect differences in sensory processing during induced emotional states and/or related differences in motor behavior.
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The Dielectric Studies of Ferroelectric [NH_2(CH_3)_2]_3Sb_2Cl_9 Crystals under Moderate Pressure

100%
Zdanowska-Frączek M., Olszewski M., Frączek Z., Jakubas R.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2007
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vol. 112
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issue 3
549-556
EN
The effect of pressure on the dielectric properties of [NH_2(CH_3)_2]_3Sb_2Cl_9 crystal was analyzed for a few values of hydrostatic pressure within the range from 0.1 MPa to 300 MPa and for temperatures from the range of 220-350 K. The measuring frequency was 1 kHz. The pressure-temperature phase diagram obtained was nonlinear. The temperature dielectric permittivity anomalies related to the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature (T_c) gradually increase up to 66 MPa and then decrease with subsequent increase in pressure. The character of the temperature dielectric permittivity anomalies, typical of the continuous ferroelectric transition, remains unchanged with increasing pressure. Additionally, the pressure dependences of the Curie-Weiss constants for the crystal in paraelectric (C_+) and ferroelectric (C_-) phases were evaluated and discussed. The results indicated a complex mechanism of the ferroelectric phase transition.
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