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EN
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system and is a chronic disease leading to a reduced quality of life. The objective of the study is the assessing of physical disability in patients with MS and its impact on QoL; the aim is to facilitate the treatment of patients with this pathology. 75 patients with multiple sclerosis from the Neurology and Neurogenetic Department of the Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco were studied. The data was collected using a kit composed of several tools including a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and quality of life SEP-59. Of the 75 MS patients in the study, females accounted for 77.3% (n = 58) (the female/male ratio being 3.4). The mean age of the population was 38.29±13.31 years, Relapsing remitting is most present at 65.3% (n=49), while 56% (n=42) were married. We determined that the average EDSS was 4.067 (SD 1.829) with 54.3% (n = 34) of the patients displaying a moderate level of disability (EDSS between 4 and 6.5). We found that of the role limitations - mental and physique, energy, overall quality of life, emotional well-being, distress, sexual satisfaction, sexual function were the QoL scales affected most (SEP-59). Furthermore EDSS is significantly associated with QoL SEP-59. The results of this study indicate a strong link between disability and the physical and mental health of patients with multiple sclerosis, which causes a deterioration in their quality of life. The involvement of psychological support is essential.
EN
Cancer goes on to be a leading cause of death worldwide. However, Morocco has between 30,000 and 40,000 new cases of cancer each year. But only 20,000 are taken care of. They will therefore be at least 10,000 Moroccans with cancer who do not receive any treatment. Every year 7.2% of deaths in Morocco are attributed to cancer. The purpose of our study is to analyze the psychological consequences of such a disease on the person affected; this one is already confronted with various changes: image of the body, feeling of competences. Our study was carried out on 92 cancer patients consulting the INO Rabat, (national institute of oncology). This prospective study took place during the period from May to July 2015. For data collection, we used a questionnaire with information on socio-demographic characteristics, Life Satisfaction Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Social Support Questionnaire (ssq6). The analysis of the correlations between scores of life satisfaction, self-esteem and social support scores shows the life satisfaction test is strongly correlated with the availability social support test (r = 0.263; p <0 , 05) and the social satisfaction test (r = 0.424, p <0.001). Also, the self-esteem test is correlated with the social satisfaction test (r = 0.393, p <0.003) and the life satisfaction test (r = 0.309, p <0.021). of satisfaction tend to have familiar support or a close friend. In light of these findings, we have noticed that patients with cancer with effective social support and satisfying self-esteem are satisfied with their lives and subsequently behave normally.
EN
Autism is a developmental disorder that usually appears during the first three years of childhood. It results from a nervous system disorder, which affects brain functions. Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF 1) is a group of genetic diseases that mainly affect the growth of neural tissue cells. This alteration is also known as von Recklinghausen’s disease. The objective of this study is to highlight a case of this neurocutaneous alteration (NF 1) which was associated with autism spectrum disorders at the age of eight years. The data for this study are extracted from the medical file of a 12-year-old boy with confirmed autism who has been taken care of by the “Applied Behavioral Analysis” (ABA) center in Morocco since the age of three. At the age of eight, the appearance of numerous café-au-lait spots on his body led the center to conduct neuroradiological investigations (T1, T2 and Flair). The examinations had revealed T2 hyper intensity signals involving several unidentified bright objects (UBO) and the globus pallidus was the most affected area. With ASD alone, the child faces various disorders of the nervous system and many difficulties in his socio- communicative life. The onset of NF1 gave rise to additional complications. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EN
Identifying anxio-depressive disorders, evaluating their prevalence and determining the different factors that can intervene in their hap- pening to the patients suffering from hemodialysis. Transversal descriptive and analytical study over 70 patients, real- ized at the dialysis unit of the Idrissi regional hospital’s department of medicine at Kenitra, Morocco, over a period of three months starting from 27 March to 26 June 2015. The data were acquired from a survey and psychiatric evaluation scales: The scale HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ) to evaluate anxiety and depression and the scale of « Big Five French Inventory to evaluate the treats of personality» (BF-Fr). Average age was from 54,66±15,96 years. The seniority of the hemodialysis was on average 5,20±3,23 years. The studied traits of personality show a decrease regard to the average score of dimen- sion O (overture of sense) and of the dimension E score (extraversion) versus an evaluation of the dimension N score (Neu ro ticism). The prevalence of anxio-depressive troubles were as the following; 74,29% presented an anxious state (suspected or proven) and 70% had a depressive state (suspected or proven). The anxious troubles were correlated to age and to N and O characters of personality traits BFI-Fr. the depressive troubles were correlated to N charac- ters traits of personality BFI-Fr, and the anxious troubles were pos- itively correlated to depressive troubles. The prevalence of anxio-depressive troubles among hemodialysis subjects was elevated with repercussions on the personality. The involvement of a psychologist in the processes of taking charge is obligatory.
EN
Work stress or job-strain and iso-strain are perceived when there is a conflict between the demands placed on a person and their resources to cope with them. They have negative effects on worker health, and organizational productivity and performance. Our study consists of evaluating work stress and its components. 102 workers of different functions (senior managers, supervisors, technicians and executing workers) volunteered and were invited to complete anonymously the Karasek questionnaire (JCQ). The analysis of the results showed a significant prevalence of iso-strain and job-strain. Thus, low decision latitude and high psychological demands are the most widespread stress factors. These results show the need to disseminate information and prevention programs against work stress to managers and staff to ensure the effective performance of a company.
EN
The present study has been conducted to investigate the visuospatial constructive cognition and memory among healthy students, as measured by the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). We have compared the data used to draw the figures with the hypothesis that gender and physiological measurements have an impact on neuropsychological skills. One hundred twenty-five students (43 male, 82 female; age 18–32 years) participated in this study with a computerized numerical recording of the digital plot of the RCFT and a set of socio-demographic variables. Results revealed that visual perception and working memory were impacted by social and health determinants. Additionally, this study presents evidence supporting the implication of resting heart rate (RHR) and organizational strategy in working memory performance. Gender effect seems to be significant in physical and physiological differences. Regression analyses revealed a relevant contribution of study institution and sleep time on RCFT Copy score; RCFT Memory predicted by drawing from memory strategy, RHR, periodic medication use and marital status.
EN
This study aims to rate twenty negative images from IAPS among a sample nurse students. We compare the mean valences between males and females and between participants from the final semester and participants from the first semester. The comparison of the mean valences values between the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS was established. null We tested 100 students from Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technics of Health, Rabat, Morocco, were recruited. The panel valence from SAM was cued to evaluate the perceived pleasure and unpleased degree after exposing the different images from IAPS to the participants. The displeasure degree among nurse students from final semester is lower than that of the first semester with a significant difference in sixteen images. Regarding the difference between males and females, the significant difference was observed only in five images. The all images evaluated by participant were perceived as negative (valence <4). Regarding the comparison of the mean valences values between a the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS significant differences were observed. Nurse students from the final semester, compared to the first semester students, perceived the negative images assessed as less unpleasant. However, we noted that the all images have kept the negative aspect. These results show that these images can be used as a negative emotional stimulus among this population.
EN
Burn-out or exhaustion syndrome is caused by a prolonged exposure to a chronic professional stress. Public Health Professionals are the most exposed to this kind of risk. The ultimate goal here is to determine the prevalence of the burn-out and search for factors associated with this pathology among those who work in the field of health. Our sample, which is from the Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat, consists of 150 nurses, 80 doctors, and 40 administrators. A self-questionnaire was employed, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as well as a clinical interview. The results of this study show a high degree of burnout. Moreover, 56.66% of participants show a high level of emotional exhaustion, 45.18% suffer from a high level of depression. Meanwhile, the loss of a sense of personal accomplishment is high among 48.51% of those surveyed. The emotional exhaustion observed among people who have worked for a long time ago is associated with the means of transportation used and to the unsuitable hours of work. Depersonalization exists among elderly people and the oldest at work. This study confirms the existence of a high level of burnout among health professionals. Many socio-demographic and socio-professional factors contribute to the increase in the level that people are affected. These factors encourage the promotion of better working life conditions.
EN
In Africa, few studies are interested in unilateral spatial neglect (NSU) in Parkinson's disease. However, this syndrome is a deficit to detect, respond to or orientate towards meaningful stimuli (Heil- man, KM 1973), observable after an injury affecting the non-dominant hemisphere for language. The significant handicap it entails justifies the need for early diagnosis and care. The NSU study is mo- tivated by its link with neurocognitive phenomena that are important on the theoretical level (attention, visuospatial and perceptual awareness). The objective is to study USN in Parkinson's pa tients, followed and hospitalized at the Neurology Department of Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. The visual-graphic test that has been used to detect this pathology is that of Bell's test. The test focuses on the detection of targets placed among several stimuli on a sheet of A4 paper. The material included 120 people: 60 Parkinsonian patients: 34 men (56,7%), and 26 women (43,3%) and 60 control subjects: 34 men (56,7%), and 26 women (43,3%). The groups were matched by age and sex. Different aspects of neglect have been observed throughout the Bell's test. It was found that total omission of bell figures was significantly influenced by age, being less frequent in the 35-49 age group in both groups, and higher in the elderly (50-80 years), as well the level of education. It have been reduced considerably with the increase in education. The hand used and the laterality had no effect; t = 3.76 degrees of freedom (df) = 108.27 and p = 0.000. Unilateral spatial neglect has a negative effect in subjects with Parkin- son's disease. It deserves to be systematically sought for a better clinical evaluation and therapeutic management of the patients.
EN
Several recent studies designate that individuals with type-1-diabetes (T1D) are at higher risk for cognitive impairment than their peers without T1D. The aim of this study was to determine whether socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, eating attitude and psycho-emotional characteristics can predict visual perception (VP) and working memory (WM) impairment in the Moroccan population with T1D. A cross-sectional analysis was carried out in adult T1D patients (N=140). The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test (electronical version) was used to evaluate the VP and WM. Moreover, patients also completed the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale to assess their mental health state. In order to evaluate the risk of eating disorders the Eating attitudes Test-26 were used. Finally, anthropometric properties and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction were determined using the hierarchical regression analysis. The major result was that age, long diabetes duration, glycemia, HbA1c, dieting and bulimia were the potential predictors of low scores in VP and WM. Other significant predictors were cholesterol, triglycerides for visual perception. Although psych-emotional symptoms including stress, anxiety, and depression were not a significant predictors of VP and WM impairment. Furthermore, our findings showed that the more the level of stress increases, the VP and WM scores significantly decrease. This study suggests that it can be helpful for medical practitioners to screen for disordered eating behaviors and emotional symptoms as a supplemental risk factor for cognitive impairment in T1D.
EN
Childhood cancer is curable today with advances in treatment, but this can leave physical or psychosocial consequences. Our work consists in evaluating the state of satisfaction in patients aged less than 30 years. The study involved 27 patients (10 males and 17 females). We have chosen the life satisfaction scale (SVS-5) as a sampling tool. The results obtained identified 7 types of cancer, the most frequent of which are leukemia and breast cancer. The satisfaction test showed a prevalence of 14.8% (unsatisfied child) and 85.2% with moderate satisfaction and a large part of which can be converted to unsatisfied if the support and monitoring conditions are not met. by the family or by the health authorities. Faced with this encouraging situation, authorities should step up communication with the families of patients to explain to them how to behave with these children who are in a decisive phase for their future, especially in school.
EN
The serious game “JeStiMulE” (Educational Game for Multisensory Stimulation of Children with developmental disorders), developed by the Autism Resources Center of Nice, was created to teach social cognition including emotion recognition for children and adolescents with autism. The purpose of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of the serious game JESTIMULE in remediating recognition’ deficits of emotional facial expressions (EFE) in autistic children. Thirty-two Moroccan children and adolescents were recruited for this study. All participants received a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-R) criteria for ASD, as well as the Rimland Checklist E2. IQ level has been assessed by using Raven’s Progressive Matrices as an IQ testing scale. The par ticipants received two one-hour JeStiMulE sessions per week over four weeks. Game data were collected for each participant. The Faces test was used to quantify the progression of the ability to recognize emotions in our subjects. The results of the descriptive analyses showed suitable adaptability, effectiveness and efficiency of JeStiMulE. In Faces test, a significant difference between scores of the Pre-intervention and Post-intervention (Z= -3.58, p<0.001), in favour of the Post-intervention (M=23.22, SD=2.96 versus M=27.27, SD=2.77). That indicate that participants were more accurate at recognizing emotions after JeStiMulE. In addition, a main effect of type of autism was found for the facial scale (H = 6.673, ddl = 2, p = 0.036). High-functioning autism were significantly better than Low-functioning autism at recognizing emotions from faces in both Pre-intervention and Post-intervention. With such non-verbal tool, training could start early. Thus, early management, the more the progression in the recognition and imitation of facial expressions is important, the more we gain autonomy and social integration just in time to begin school. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EN
To assess the quality of life of patients with chronic end-stage renal failure under hemodialysis, and to determine its main generators in hemodialysis patients. This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out at the regional hospital of Kénitra (Morocco) in the level of the hemodialysis unit during a period of 3 months with 70 hemodialysis patients diagnosed and treated for chronic renal failure. Data were collected using a questionnaire comprising the socio-demographic, clinical, and nutritional characteristics of Hemodialysis patients and a KDQOL scale (Kidney Disease Quality Of Life) that assesses the quality of life. The scores of the KDQOL-36 were used to assess family, social support, and social support from caregivers. The average age was 51.66± 15.96 years with 57.1% of patients who are female. The components of the quality of life studied show an alteration in the quality of life with a decrease in the scores of the “component of physical health” dimensions with a score of 27.64 ± 29.13,“Component of mental health” with a score of 37.81 ± 22.99, “effects of kidney disease on daily life” with a score of 48.41 ± 21.22 and “burdens of kidney disease” with a score of 28.47 ± 21.50. While the dimension “Symptoms / problems of kidney disease” remains close to normal with a score of 64.61 ± 17.98. Our results showed that certain dimensions of the quality of life correlate with age, sex, family situation, level of education, the presence of a transplant plan, the presence of comorbidities and the duration of hemodialysis. Our study also found a correlation between family social support and quality of life in its “Burdens of Kidney Disease”, “Effects of Kidney Disease on Daily Living”, and the overall quality of life score. On the other hand, there is no significant relationship with support from caregivers. The quality of life of hemodialysis patients is deteriorating. It is influenced by several parameters including family and caregiver social support. The involvement of the family and the health care team in the psychological support process is paramount.
EN
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system through the destruction of sheaths (myelin), disseminated in space and time. The aim of our work is to study the neurocognitive concept and mood disorders in patients with MS. The study includes in this study 75 cases of MS, collected at the Neurology (B) and Neurogenetics Department of Rabat Ibn Sina Hospital. The study was performed on MS patients using different scales that included: a self-questionnaire (socio-demographic, clinical), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale (RSE) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). The mean age for the onset of the disease was 30-years, with a sex ratio of 3.4. The main clinical signs are: 69.33% and 70.67% of patients had respectively anxious and depressive disorder, which was associated with low self-esteem in 89% of them. The distribution according to the evolutionary forms of MS is 65% Relapsing Remitting (RR), 29% secondary progressive (SP) and 5% Primary Progressive (PP). As for the assessment of disability using EDSS, we note an average 4.07±1.829. That results of our study concord with other studies on the same age category. It confirms the predominance of women. They are followed by the appearance of psychological disorders such as depression anxiety and cognitive disorders. Remitting MS is the most common when compared to other forms. The anxiety and depression score was strongly correlated with the degree of self-esteem and disability.
EN
Stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke) is a sudden-onset neurological deficit resulting from focal vascular lesions. This is due to a clot-induced obstruction of a vessel (ischemic stroke) or a rupture of a vessel causing haemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke). The management of neuro-injured patients (AVC) is a major public health problem. The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the short and long term neuropsychological sequences following a neurological accident of neuro-injured patients hospitalized at the Kenitra Provincial Center (Morocco) in comparison with the control group. We tested 34 stroke patients, with an average age sample of 59.12 years, for a standard deviation of 14.35 with extremes between 32 and 82 years. Of these patients, 20 were female (58.82%) and 14 male (41.18%). The sex ratio is 0.7 in favour of the female sex. Both the neuro-lesioned patients and the control group benefited from neuropsychological tests. In the neurocognitive evaluation we used three neuropsychological tests: (a) The bell test or non-verbal bell dam test allows for a selective, visuospatial and strategic attentional evaluation; (b) Raven's test focuses on the nonverbal neuropsychological intelligence where the subject is led to analyze and solve each test problem based on inductive reasoning; (c) The digit memory test is a test to evaluate the short-term verbal memory and working memory capabilities of stroke patients. Our results showed through the various neurocognitive tests that our stroke patients obtained lowers score, compared to the control group (p <0.05). Raven Standard Progress Matrix Test Scores (SPMR):(Mean-Patients = 32.49, SD = 7.43 < Mean-Controls = 42.01, SD = 3.98). Digit Memory Test scores: Forward digit span (Mean-Patients = 2.21, SD = 0.5
EN
Parkinson’s disease can lead to disability and reduce the quality of life of its patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of life of a group of people with Parkinson’s disease. The clinical and progressive characteristics of the disease, its motor and neuropsychological impact were evaluated in each Parkinsonian subject included in the study. A quality of life assessment was performed and collected from 60 Parkinsonian patients followed and hospitalized at Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. Different instruments were used, the Hoenh and Yahr scale and the Parkinson’s disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) UPDRS engine, MMS, clinical fact sheet. According to our results, through the different tests and scale of evaluation, we observed an impaired quality of life in the areas of physical discomfort, cognitive disorder, activity of daily living, mobility, and emotional well-being, especially in patients with duration of evolution more than 5 years. There was no significant difference between the two sexes. In addition, the severity of the disease tended to give the impression of an impaired quality of life with respect to the dimensions of activities of daily living and cognition, which is relevant to improving the quality of life patient life and clinical interventions.
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