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Polish Contribution to the Development of Views on Horse Riding as a Form of Therapy – a Brief Historical Retrospection

100%
Urban R.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
|
2018
|
vol. 23
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issue 3
17-24
EN
Since ancient times, man has ridden horses. Ancient Greeks and Romans, who did so mostly for utilitarian purposes, also found that horse riding was the source of rider’s health, recommending equestrianism to men and women of different ages as an exercise that helped preserve a healthy body. Poles, a nation whose history was always linked in a rather exceptional way with horses and horsemanship, realized quite early, at the beginning of the 17th century, that horse riding offered a variety of applications and could be used as a tool to improve human fitness and physical condition. Views of Polish hippologists such as Krzysztof Moniwid Dorohostajski and Marian Hutten-Czapski on health-related benefits of equestrianism gained popularity not only in Poland but also abroad. At the beginning of the 20th century, their opinions were endorsed by a Polish doctor, Władysław Hojnacki, who campaigned for horse riding to be used as therapy. After WW2, a distinguished Polish orthopedist and physiotherapist, Professor Marian Weiss introduced an innovative hippotherapeutic program at the Medical Center for Rehabilitation of the Locomotive Organs in Konstancin near Warsaw, finding many followers who helped hippotherapy to develop. Research confirmed that horse riding was indeed an effective form of therapy and this soon led to the establishment of the Polish Hippotherapeutic Society, organization of conferences and seminars providing a platform where views and research results could be exchanged, and starting a number of equestrian facilities across the country that popularized hippotherapy in Poland.
2
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The genesis and development of Polish horse riding in the period of twenty years

100%
Urban R.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
|
2019
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vol. 28
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issue 4
27-38
EN
Although the traditions of equestrianism in Poland goes back a long way, it was not until 1880 that the first equestrian competitions were organized in Warsaw. In the following years, the interest of the Polish society in equestrian competition had been growing and led to the creation of equestrian-breeding associations, which actively conducted sports activities. However, itwas Poland regaining independence in 1918 that enabled the dynamic development of Polish equestrianism, especially in military circles among cavalry and horse artillery officers. The creation of the Polish Equestrian Association in 1928 had an undoubted impact on the popularization of equestrian sport among civilians. The Association became the organizer of many sports competitions for both military and civilian riders. Moreover, it undertook a number of initiatives aimed at the development and popularization of equestrianism in Polish society. Polish riders participated in the most important sports competitions organized in the interwar period, both in the country and internationally. They took part in the Olympic Games three times (1924, 1928 and 1936), in which they won four medals. Furthermore, they achieved success in equestrian competition around the world (the United States, Italy, France, the United Kingdom, Germany and others).
3
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Degree of interest in horse-back riding therapy interventions for patients with neurocognitive disorders: a quantitative analysis of literature in online scientific databases

100%
Urban R.
Physical Activity Review
|
2019
|
issue 7
240-248
XX
Since ancient times, scholars points out effectiveness of horseback riding not only for utilitarian use, but also as form of therapy for less healthy part of society. Enlightenment age scholars started to make treaties about use of such therapy and this trend is now developing not only for physical disabilities, but also for mentally ill patients. The purpose of this study is to determine trends of interest in horseback riding therapy interventions among different groups of neurocognitive disorders among different populations of people and its comparison to prevalence of such disorders. Material and methods: Web of Science, Pubmed and Scopus databased were screened using filter with algorithm of “horseback therapy” , “horse back therapy”, ”hippotherapy” and “equine therapy”. Results were screened for appropriateness and relevance, then based on this end-filtering, papers were grouped regarding specificity of neurocognitive aspect of disorders. Results: 595 entries in Web of Science, 516 entries in Scopus and 123 results in Pubmed. Overall, 272 entries were subtracted. Conclusions: This analysis shows that most interest in such kind of therapy is focused on neurological disorders, especially with ones with cerebral palsy. There is no correlation between prevalence of selected disorders and amount of related papers.
4
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Development of Equestrian Sports at State Stud Farms in Varmia and Masuria between 1947 and 1975

63%
Wójcik Z., Urban R.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2018
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vol. 24
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issue 4
15-24
EN
The regaining by the Polish People’s Republic of territories that prior to the outbreak of World War 2 had remained under the rule of East Prussia set the stage for re-development of equestrianism in and reintroduction of horse breeding to a region that was now Polish Varmia and Masuria. This was a two-stage process whose success depended largely on the perseverance and commitment of one man, Mr. Adam Sosnowski, administrator at the State Horse Breeding Farms. The process was initiated in 1947 when a state stallion station in Ketrzyn and three studs named Garbno, Liski, and Rzeczna were started. Another eight were soon set up through the joint effort and collaboration of managements of local state farming cooperatives, or PGRs, mostly on the grounds of former Prussian horse breeding sites with appropriate technical infrastructure and solidly established stock breeding traditions. Over the years to come, equine breeding farms in Varmia and Masuria underwent numerous reforms and organizational changes, structurally always remaining part of the Polish Ministry of Agriculture. They provided a good foundation for propagating recreational horse riding among members of the general public and, most importantly, helped equestrian sports to return to and develop in the area.
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