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Wind-induced variability of hydrological parameters in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea - a numerical study

100%
Jankowski A.
Oceanological Studies
|
2000
|
vol. 29
|
issue 3
5-34
EN
Abstract The wind-produced variability of temperature, salinity and velocity in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea have been investigated with the help of a three-dimensional F-coordinate baroclinic model. The model was based on the Princeton Ocean Model code of Mellor (1993), known as POM. The main intention of this study was to reproduce the variability of the hydrological conditions as the response of stratified seawaters to the model atmospheric forcing of three successive storms. Winds of constant speed from eight directions over the Baltic during each storm were considered. The presentation of results is limited to the area along the Polish coasts of the Baltic Sea, where the complicated bottom topography exerts a crucial influence on water movements. The numerical model runs show that winds can play an important role in the water exchange between the coastal region and the open sea, generating intense fluctuations of hydrological parameters. When winds are from the SE, E and NE, coastal upwelling is frequent along the Polish Baltic coast (Bychkova and Victorov 1987, Bychkova et al. 1988, Urbanski 1993). The results calculated with the use of the POM code are in agreement with the results obtained using the z-level model (Krauss and Br?gge 1991) and from studies in the Great Lakes and in other upwelling areas (Bennet 1974, Krauss 1979, Fennel 1986).
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Liquid Crystalline Polyurethanes Studied by Positron Annihilation Method

33%
Baranowski A., Dębowska M., Jankowski A., Jerie K., Penczek P., Rudzińska-Girulska J., Szczepaniak B., Wolińska-Grabczyk A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
1995
|
vol. 88
|
issue 1
21-27
EN
A series of liquid crystalline polyurethanes of different both flexible spacer length and mesogenic group content was studied by means of positron annihilation method. The investigated polymers were targeted on the sep­aration of aromatic hydrocarbons from their mixtures with aliphatic ones. The effect of modification of the liquid crystalline polyurethane chain on the polyurethane free volume size and free volume distribution was determined on the basis of the positron annihilation lifetime spectra. In the positron annihilation lifetime spectra measured for the samples under study two long com­ponents of several nanoseconds, characteristic of o-Ps decaying by pick-off, occurred. The correlation of the values of the o-Ps lifetime with the size of the free volume region allowed to recover the free volume distributions with the use of the method employing the numerical Laplace inversion technique. The obtained results were compared with the diffusion data on the mobility of liquid hydrocarbons in the liquid crystalline polyurethanes enabling the correlations between polymer structure and its transport properties to be evaluated.
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