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EN
The study presented a case of a 58-year-old male patient treated for retroperitoneal fibrosis, right hydronephrosis, and right common iliac artery stenosis and saccular aneurysm of the above-mentioned vessel. The patient was qualified for endovascular treatment. Stentgraft implantation was performed with good long-term patency during more than 3 years of follow-up. Complete relief of intermittent claudication was observed. However, the endovascular exclusion of the aneurysm did not influence the course of retroperitoneal fibrosis
EN
The aim of this study was to assess regional perfusion at baseline and regional cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) to delayed acetazolamide challenge in subjects with chronic carotid artery stenosis. Sixteen patients (ten males) aged 70.94±7.71 with carotid artery stenosis ≥ 90% on the ipsilateral side and ≤ 50% on the contralateral side were enrolled into the study. In all patients, two computed tomography perfusion examinations were carried out; the first was performed before acetazolamide administration and the second 60 minutes after injection. The differences between mean values were examined by paired two-sample t-test and alternative nonparametric Wilcoxon's test. Normality assumption was examined using W Shapiro-Wilk test. The lowest resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) was observed in white matter (ipsilateral side: 18.4±6.2; contralateral side: 19.3±6.6) and brainstem (ipsilateral side: 27.8±8.5; contralateral side: 29.1±10.8). Grey matter (cerebral cortex) resting state CBF was below the normal value for subjects of this age: frontal lobe - ipsilateral side: 30.4±7.0, contralateral side: 33.7±7.1; parietal lobe - ipsilateral side: 36.4±11.3, contralateral side: 42.7±9.9; temporal lobe - ipsilateral side: 32.5±8.6, contralateral side: 39.4±10.8; occipital lobe - ipsilateral side: 24.0±6.0, contralateral side: 26.4±6.6). The highest resting state CBF was observed in the insula (ipsilateral side: 49.2±17.4; contralateral side: 55.3±18.4). A relatively high resting state CBF was also recorded in the thalamus (ipsilateral side: 39.7±16.9; contralateral side: 41.7±14.1) and cerebellum (ipsilateral side: 41.4±12.2; contralateral side: 38.1±11.3). The highest CVR was observed in temporal lobe cortex (ipsilateral side: +27.1%; contralateral side: +26.1%) and cerebellum (ipsilateral side: +27.0%; contralateral side: +34.6%). The lowest CVR was recorded in brain stem (ipsilateral side: +20.2%; contralateral side: +22.2%) and white matter (ipsilateral side: +18.1%; contralateral side: +18.3%). All CBF values were provided in milliliters of blood per minute per 100 g of brain tissue (ml/100g/min). Resting state circulation in subjects with carotid artery stenosis is low in all analysed structures with the exception of insula and cerebellum. Acetazolamide challenge yields relatively uniform response in both hemispheres in the investigated population. Grey matter is more reactive to acetazolamide challenge than white matter or brainstem.
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of continuous monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) for detection of brain ischemia during carotid endarterectomy.Material and methods. We performed 44 carotid endarterectomies using regional anesthesia, with simultaneous regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring in both hemispheres of the brain.Results. Oxygen saturation in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the operated carotid artery dropped from 65.1±8.1 to 58.2±10.7 after carotid artery cross-clamping. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). Oxygen saturation in the hemisphere contralateral to the operated artery did not demonstrate a difference between that before or after carotid artery closure (65.7±9.2 and 66.1±10.2, respectively, p=0.1). In five patients (11.4%) carotid artery clamping was associated with the appearance of neurological deficits. Shunt usage was necessary in four cases; the rSO2 decreased by 19.2±14% in this group. In the group without neurological deficit during carotid clamping, the rSO2 decreased by 9.7±10.3% (the difference between groups with and without neurological deficit was not statistically significant, p=0.5). In patients with a rSO2 drop above 20%, the sensitivity of the cerebral oximetry was 20% and specificity 97.5%, while the negative predictive value was 90.7%.Conclusions. Continuous cerebral oximetry is a simple and non-invasive method of patient monitoring during carotid endarterectomy. The rSO2 decreases significantly after the ICA clamping. The sensitivity of cerebral oximetry in prediction of neurological deficit during the procedure is low. Defining the threshold value of rSO2 decrease after ICA clamping as an indication for shunt was not possible with the results of this study.
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