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THE ASSOCIATIONS OF SELECTED LIFESTYLE PATTERNS AND LUNG CANCER RISK: AN EVIDENCE-BASED UPDATE

100%
Kruk J., Aboul-Enein B. H.
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2016
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vol. 14
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issue 2
37 - 53
EN
Diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) has been fraught with difficulty and by the time of definitive diagnosis, most patients are in later stages of the disease. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that lifestyle behaviors play an etiological role in LC risk; however data in the literature on this topic often appears inconclusive or require further study. Understanding of the mechanisms operating between lifestyle patterns and their impact on LC is important for the disease’s prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to review the current evidence on the role of diet, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sex hormone use in LC development based on meta-analyses, systematic reviews and previously published epidemiologic studies. Regarded as the foremost cause of LC, evidence from studies have indicated that tobacco smoking causes LC. Additionally, exposure to outdoor air pollution and/or occupational-related exposures increase LC risk. Further, frequent consumption of red meat, processed meat increases adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Inverse associations between the disease risk and BMI ≥25 kg/m2, higher level of physical activity, and fruit and vegetable consumption with a high frequency were reported. Future studies are warranted to validate the association between histologic subtypes of LC and lifestyle patterns.
2
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Addressing Cardiovascular Disease Risk in HungarianAmerican Populations: A Cultural Exploration of Transdisciplinary Health Promotion

81%
Laszlo N., Aboul-Enein B. H., Bernstein J., Kruk J.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2017
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vol. 19
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issue 3
31-41
EN
Hungarian Americans share a unique culture of food traditions associated with their value system and way of life. Researchers, health care providers, and nutrition professionals counseling and treating a Hungarian-American population should develop a baseline of cultural understanding to achieve successful and long-lasting behavior change outcomes. The leading causes of death among Hungarians include ischemic heart disease (21.3%), stroke (13.4%), and cirrhosis (5.8%); all are directly or indirectly attributed to a traditional Hungarian diet coupled with a sedentary lifestyle. Health behaviors among Hungarian Americans can be partially explained by the Health Belief Model’s value-expectancy construct. Understanding cultural expectations and their associated values serve as a foundation for health promotion programming to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease and comorbidities. This review explored numerous facets of Hungarian-American dietary habits in psychosocial, economic, historical, and cultural contexts. Health education and health promotion considerations were also examined.
3
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Obesity, Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer: An Overview

81%
Kruk J., Bernstein J., Aboul-Enein B. H.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2022
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vol. 38
71-91
EN
Obesity and a lack of sufficient physical activity (PA) are recognized as risk factors for most civilization diseases, including cancer. This study synthesized the current evidence evaluating the relationship between excess body weight and prostate cancer (PCa) in the relation to the disease risk, progression, and mortality, and identifies biological plausibility of the association. We also estimated the importance of PA in intentional body weight loss. Several electronic major databases to identify eligible articles were searched until March 2022. A total 22 observational articles, the literature on the underlying biological mechanisms, and the crucial evidence of a role of PA in body weight maintenance and reduction were reviewed. The available knowledge suggests that association between body mass index and PCa is conflicting. However, the most research consistently shown that overweight/obesity was associated with higher risk of high-grade PCa and dying of PCa. Overweight/obesity can promote high-grade PCa through increased levels of secreted adipokines, increased formation of proinflammatory agents, and reduced concentration of adiponectin, among others. Being obese may by also linked with a higher risk of mortality. Exercise can decrease these health consequences related with obesity and may be effective in reduction of PCa-specific mortality, however, there are relative few studies on PA and PCa prevention among obese individuals.
4
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Effects of Exercise on Appetite-Regulating Hormones, Perceived Hunger, and Energy Intake: A Narrative Overview

81%
Gleason M., Aboul-Enein B. H., Bernstein J., Kruk J.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 2
5-12
EN
Controlling appetite, perceived hunger, and energy intake are important factors in weight management. This narrative review examines the effect of different forms, intensities and duration of exercise on the appetite-regulating hormones leptin, acylated ghrelin, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine3-36 (PYY3-36), perceptions of hunger, and energy intake in overweight/obese, and normal weight populations. The studies reviewed compared exercise intensities- low, moderate, and high intensity, and modes of exercise- aerobic and resistance training. The studies selected in this narrative review included participants that ranged in age from 13-57 years old, male and female, previously sedentary and physically active, and normal weight and overweight/obese individuals- defined by body mass index standards (BMI). The primary benefits of exercise on appetite regulation are seen with moderate to high-intensity aerobic exercise; with the most notable relative energy deficit resulting from an exercise bout (at any intensity) that expends the most energy. Further research is warranted to determine if there exists a tendency to overcompensate for energy expended during exercise in certain populations.
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