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Pathogenesis of Reactive Oxygen Species: A Review

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Olajide P. A., Omowumi O. S., Odine G. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
150-164
EN
Oxidative stress is known top-lay an important role in the development and pathogenesis of several chronic diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Exposure to poisons and toxicants results in the generation of pro-oxidant which eventually cause dysfunction in enzymatic activities and defect in the DNA, resulting to alteration in the expression of genes the induction of oxidative stress is by far associated with modern life styles which include the consumption and exposure to chemicals which are used to preserve and process food. Hence, this review provides insight to the relationship between reactive oxygen species and some chronic disorders. That is the contribution of reactive oxygen species to the pathogenesis of some diseases.
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Anticancer and Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Speed Breakers in Inflammatory Signaling

100%
Olajide P. A., Adetuyi O. A., Omowumi O. S., Adetuyi B. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
231-259
EN
A causal association between inflammation and cancer has long been suspected. Multiple lines of compelling evidence from clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory studies support that inflammation plays a critical role in the promotion and progression stages of carcinogenesis. Recent progress in our understanding of the molecular biology of cancer highlights the intracellular signal transduction network, including that involved in mediating the inflammatory response, which often functions abnormally during carcinogenesis. One of the key players in inflammatory signaling is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Aberrant upregulation of COX-2 is frequently observed in various precancerous and malignant tissues. This seminar write-up highlights the cancer preventive effects of some anti-inflammatory phytochemicals derived from edible plants, and their underlying molecular mechanisms with a focus on representative transcription factors and upstream kinases responsible for COX-2 induction.
3
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Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on the Body System

76%
Adeleke D. A., Olajide P. A., Omowumi O. S., Okunlola D. D., Taiwo A. M., Adetuyi B. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
1-23
EN
Worldwide, monosodium glutamate is utilized as a flavor enhancer and is composed of essential amino acids for nutrition. Numerous health issues are thought to be linked to monosodium glutamate. Studies have demonstrated that monosodium glutamate has harmful side effects, notably in animals, such as the development of obesity and diabetes as well as hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic consequences. According to several accounts, human subjects were becoming more ravenous, eating more, and becoming obese. Only a few human studies have been done to examine the potential genotoxic, neurotoxic, and hepatotoxic consequences of monosodium glutamate. Exploring the molecular and metabolic mechanisms relating to monosodium glutamate will need a lot of investigation.
4
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Toxicological Significance of the Occurrence of Selenium in Foods

76%
Adewale G. G., Olajide P. A., Omowumi O. S., Okunlola D. D., Taiwo A. M., Adetuyi B. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
63-88
EN
The presence of selenium (Se) in foods and the pertinent toxicological data are reviewed. In most regions of the world, the average daily intake of man is thought to be between 60 and 250 micrograms for adults and between 4 and 35 micrograms for infants. The current practice of adding selenium supplements to animal feeds may increase the selenium content of meats by up to 30%, but this does not result in a biologically meaningful increase in the selenium intake of people. Se is mostly absorbed after ingestion, according to the available metabolic data. Up to 50% of it is eliminated in the urine, while the remaining percentage builds up primarily in the liver and kidneys. Recent epidemiological and animal studies show that Se is not a carcinogen, and in some cases may have anti-cancer properties. Neither the essentiality for man, nor the no-effect level of Se have been established.
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