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Effects of social rearing conditions on conditioned suppression in rats

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Walasek G., Wesierska M., Werka T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2002
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vol. 62
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issue 1
25-31
EN
Twenty-two rats were reared in standard conditions during the first two months of their life. Then the animals were divided into two groups exposed to different rearing conditions. Twelve animals (Group SO) were housed socially, six animals per cage, and for three weeks they were subjected to sensory stimulation in an enriched environment. The other ten subjects were kept individually (Group IN); one rat per mesh cage, in conditions of relatively impoverished sensory stimulation. In both groups the training of the conditioned emotional response (CER) was performed when animals were three months old. In contrast to IN subjects, the rats subjected to permanent social contacts and reared in the enriched environment (Group SO) revealed almost equally low instrumental response rates in trials with the conditioned stimulus (CS) paired with nociceptive foot-shock (US), and in periods when no CS and/or US were applied. The results suggested that early exposure to an enriched environment caused a later decrease of the animals? capability to differentiate between the aversive CS and cues of the experimental context. This cognitive impairment was probably a secondary effect of fear generalized to the entire experimental situation.
2
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Selection for body weight induces differences in exploratory behavior and learning in mice

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Wirth-Dzieciolowska E., Lipska A., Wesierska M.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 65
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issue 3
243-253
EN
Mice that were selected for over 108 generations for body weight at the postnatal (PN) day 21 were examined in the open field (OF) test and in the Lashley maze (LM) for their exploratory behavior and spatial learning. Light (L), heavy (C) and control (K) lines of mice in three age groups: PN-21, PN-56 and PN-90, were tested once in the OF and three times in the LM. During the session in the OF the L mice displayed a steady increase of behavioral activity (sum of locomotion and rearing, climbing, sniffing, and grooming acts), whereas mice C and K habituated in the last stage. During entire session in the OF activity of the L mice was lower than that of the C and K mice. The L mice displayed high defecation/urination scores. In the learning task the L mice performed worse than the C and K mice. In conclusion, behavior of the L line was different from that of the two other lines: they showed higher anxiety and poorer spatial learning.
3
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Habituation of the orienting response to auditory and visual stimuli in rats trained to press a bar

100%
Walasek G., Wesierska M., Zielinski K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1994
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vol. 54
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issue 2
133-141
4
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Spontaneous behavior of the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) in the elevated plus-maze: comparison with Long-Evans rats

100%
Wesierska M., Turlejski T. K., Turlejski K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2000
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vol. 60
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issue 4
479-487
EN
. We observed the spontaneous behavior of a laboratory marsupial - the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) - in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) during six consecutive sessions and compared it with the behavior of Long-Evans rats. During the first exposure to the maze both species spent most of the time in the enclosed arms but opossums showed much higher frequency of entries into the open arms and stayed there longer. On the third and subsequent days opossums reduced their entries into the open arms and spent more time on the central square, where unlike rats they frequently groomed their lower belly and hind legs. During the last sessions they started spending more time in the enclosed arms. It is concluded that probably opossums, like rats show a stable anxiety evoked by open space. However, in the rat anxiety prevails over motivation to explore a new environment, while in the opossum it is initially at equilibrium with curiosity which habituates slower than in the rat. Results are discussed in the context of different ecology of the gray opossum that actively searches and hunts quickly moving insects. Thigmotaxic behavior, while strong in both species, dominates spontaneous behavior of the rat, but not opossum.
5
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Conditioning of fear and conditioning of safety in rats

100%
Walasek G., Wesierska M., Zielinski K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1995
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vol. 55
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issue 2
121-132
EN
In separate groups of rat forward and backward procedures for classicla defensive conditioning were superimposed on on-going bar pressing for food.The forward conditioned stimulus elicited suppression of bar presses, indicating acquisition of fear.The backward stimulus paired with identical shock elicited behaviour typical for rats in a condition of safety and caused an increase of bar press rate.Enhancement of bar presses acquired in the cource of bacward conditioning was stable, immune to influences from unsignalled shocks presented in the same experimental context, and resistant to extinction when all shocks were discontinued.Properties of the employed variety of the backward conditioning procedure are discussed.QWhen a brief shock overshadowed the onset of a backward stimulus, the remaining portion of the stimulus became a signal of safety.
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