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Causes of acoustic trauma among Polish State Fire Service officers: a review of incidents in 2015–2022

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Dudziński Ł., Czyżewski Ł., Kubiak T., Milczarczyk T.
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vol. 21(2)
117-124
EN
A rare type of risk associated with firefighting activities and affecting the central nervous system (CNS) is acoustic trauma. The main causes of acoustic trauma in professional firefighters include long-term exposure to noise from fire engine sirens, emergency call alarms in the fire stations (fire halls), and the operation of equipment used during rescue and firefighting operations. The study was based on an analysis of data obtained from the HR Department of the National Headquarters of the State Fire Service (NHSFS). The analysis included cases of acoustic trauma suffered by firefighters while on duty, which were reported to the control room of their firefighting units as rescuer accidents, and followed up with medical interventions. The average number of accidents among SFS firefighters per year during the study period was n=1.617. During the study period (2015-2022), there were seven incidents in which a total of 11 firefighters suffered acoustic trauma affecting the CNS and the organ of hearing. To prevent on-duty accidents, both practical and theoretical training sessions are provided, covering measures aimed at reducing accident rates to minimum levels. Other important activities include hearing prophylaxis; medical examinations; breaks during work, appropriate organisation of work and the working environment; compliance with the applicable regulations, internal procedures and safety instructions; the use of personal protective equipment, and the good technical condition of vehicles and equipment.
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Exposure of firefighters to carbon monoxide during rescue and fire fighting interventions - a 6-year analysis

88%
Dudziński Ł., Bihałowicz J. S., Czyżewski Ł., Kasperczyk R., Kubiak T.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2024
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vol. 22(1)
81-93
EN
Exposure to carbon monoxide is a common hazard in firefighting practice throughout the year, regardless of the winter heating season. Therefore this analysis of the interventions of fire protection units in incidents related to carbon monoxide exposure of a non-fire origin. The objectives include two risk groups: people affected by the intervention and the health risks to fire officers themselves. The analysed material covers the years 2017-2022 and interventions of fire protection units in incidents related to carbon monoxide exposure of a non-fire origin (chemical hazard events). Data from the Decision Support System of the State Fire Service (DSSSFS), provided to the authors by the Operational Planning Office at the Headquarters of the State Fire Service, were used in the study. According to the records of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the years 2017-2022, there were 28,766 (Mean 4794; SD 413) chemical hazard events: carbon monoxide was the cause. There were only 5724 reports of symptoms with a known CO concentration and 1974 reports with clinical symptoms. Statistically significant differences were demonstrated in exposure time (p= 0.028) and average CO concentration in the analysed years (p<0.001). Noteworthy is the sudden reduction in the exposure time following the year 2020. The actual exposure of firefighters to carbonmonoxide is greater than in the above analysis, in addition, there are exposures from fire incidents. Procedures, measuring equipment, and personal protective equipment protect firefighters from absorbing harmful substances into the body, but the large number of incidents and the visible clinical symptoms in victims should prompt firefighters with many years of service to observe even the smallest worrying neurological changes in themselves.
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