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  1. 1 Acta Biochimica Polonica

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  1. 1 2000

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  1. 1 Soszyński M.

  2. 1 Żylińska L.

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Plasma membrane Ca2+ -ATPase in excitable and nonexcitable cells.

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Żylińska L., Soszyński M.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
2000
|
vol. 47
|
issue 3
529-539
EN
There is a significant number of data confirming that the maintenance of calcium homeostasis in a living cell is a complex, multiregulated process. Calcium efflux from excitable cells (i.e., neurons) occurs through two main systems - an electrochemically driven Na+/Ca2+ exchanger with a low Ca2+ affinity (K0.5 = 10-15 μM), and a plasmalemmal, specific Ca2+-ATPase, with a high Ca2+ affinity (K0.5 < 0.5-1 μM), whereas in nonexcitable cells (i.e., erythrocytes) the calcium pump is the sole system responsible for the extrusion of calcium ions. The plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) is a ubiquitously expressed protein, and more than 26 transcripts of four PMCA genes are distributed in a tissue specific manner. Differences in the structure and localization of PMCA variants are thought to correlate with specific regulatory properties and may have consequences for proper cellular Ca2+ signaling. The regulatory mechanisms of calcium pump activity have been studied extensively, resulting in a new view of the functioning of this important molecule in the membranes.
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