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Morphological and enzymatic variability and adaptation of zig-zag clover (Trifolium medium L.)

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Bulinska-Radomska Z.

1999

vol. 40

issue 4

293-304

Thirty-four populations of Trifolium medium collected in central, northern and southern Poland were used in a morphological and enzymatic study. Twenty-two characters of leaf, stem and inflorescence were scored. The enzymatic survey included aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), esterase (EST), glucoso 6-phosphate isomerase (PGI), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), peroxidase (PRX), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD) assayed in two buffer systems. The populations showed a high intra- and inter populational variability both on morphological and enzymatic levels. The data demonstrate that morphological and enzymatic variability is regionally dependent in the same manner. Morphological traits, such as pedicel length, peduncle length, terminal leaf length and width and stipule length were correlated with the majority of climatic variables. PGI, PRX and LAP phenotypes were correlated with a set of climatic variables of high altitude areas. AAT, EST and PGD phenotypes were good predictors of more balanced climatic conditions. The altitude factor had a significant effect on all phenotypes but AAT. This study also showed that the same climatic variables did not always play a significant role in the morphological and enzymatic differentiation of T. medium. In general, enzymes were much more responsive to the variety of climatic factors than morphological characters.

Genetic variation and population structure of three Trifolium species

100%

Bulinska-Radomska Z.

Journal of Applied Genetics

1996

vol. 37

issue 2

153-160

Three dipoloid Trifolium (Fabaceae) species, T.campestre, T.fragiferum and T.montanum, were electrophoretically assyed to elucidate the range anf organization of genetic variation in relation to the mating system, reproduction mode and longevity of the species.T.campestre, is an annual self-pollinated species, T.fragiferum and T.montanum are cross-pollinated perennials.The former species reproduces both sexually and vegetatively, whereas the latter solely on sexual reproduction.Several populations of each species collected throughoutnPoland were surveyed for 15 enzymes.The measures of variation included:proportion of polymorphic loci per population, average number of alleles per locus, average gene diversity (He) and genetic distance (D).To describe the organization of diversity in each species, total genetic variation per locus (Ht) was calculated.Both cross-polinated species had more polymorphic loci, higher numbers of alleles per locus and higher level of diversity than self-pollinated T.campestre.Most of genetic variation of the latter species was allocated among polulation unlike in T.fragiferum and T.montanum.

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2 Journal of Applied Genetics

1 1999

1 1996

2 Bulinska-Radomska Z.

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Morphological and enzymatic variability and adaptation of zig-zag clover (Trifolium medium L.)

Genetic variation and population structure of three Trifolium species