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EN
In this article, the special catalytic proteins-called abzymes and synzymes are presented. Abzymes are defined as antibodies with catalytic properties. Similarly, synzymes are semisynthetic amino acid copolymers, also having catalytic properties. The production of these two kinds of catalytic proteins is different. Abzymes are made by the immunological methods using specific organic haptens. Synzymes can be the products of, among others, mutagenesis and are produced by genetic engineering. It has been also suggested that the products of synzym hydrolysis could be a source of haptens for the production of abzymes. In conclusion it was stated that a new specialization in biotechnology could emerge. We called it ?immunotechnology?. To these two groups of immuno-products the plastic antibodies, which are the molecular imprinting of determinants of the natural antibodies on polymer template, can be added. So, they are completely synthetic products. They are characterised by strong chemical and physical stability under drastic environmental conditions.
EN
Technological processes can affect immunoreactivity properties. Pasteurization applied during production of milk can decrease proteins immunoreactivity. Such severe conditions (90oC/15 min) reduced immunoreactivity of alpha-la and beta-lg to 12,72% and 18,74%, respectively. Ultrasonic and microwave processes proved much more effective than severe pasteurization. Ultrasonics in a temperature of 50oC for 1 hour reduced alpha-la and beta-lg to 0,88% and 6,42%, respectively. Microwaving in a temperature of 98 0C for 2 min. reduced alpha-la and beta-lg to 1,37% and 12,86%, respectively. Lactic acid fermentation decreased milk immunoreactivity to below 1%. The products obtained retained good organoleptic properties (acid taste and aroma). The allergenicity assay performed in vivo of both whey proteins was only slightly attenuated.
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