The importance of malic acid degradation by yeasts during winemaking is pointed and metabolic pathways for maloalkoholic fermentation by Schizosaccharomyces and Saccharomyces and malate transport system are summarized.Due to methods both of classical genetics and genetic engineering new strains for industrial fermentation, which may utilize L-malic acid, can be developed.Yeasts cells are also considered good hosts for cloning the bacterial gene resposible for malolactic fermentation originated from Lactobacillus and Lactococcus.
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