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Open Chemistry
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2012
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vol. 10
|
issue 1
187-193
EN
Peroxynitrite (ONOOH/ONOO-) which is formed in vivo under oxidative stress is a strong oxidizing and nitrating agent. It has been reported that several flavonoids, including quercetin, inhibit the peroxynitrite-induced oxidation and/or nitration of several molecules tested; however, the mechanism of their protective action against peroxynitrite is not univocally resolved. The kinetics of the reaction of quercetin with peroxynitrite was studied by stopped-flow as well as by conventional spectrophotometry under acidic, neutral and alkaline pH. The obtained results show that the protective mechanism of quercetin against peroxynitrite toxicity cannot be explained by direct scavenging of peroxynitrite. We propose that quercetin acts via scavenging intermediate radical products of peroxynitrite decomposition (it is an excellent scavenger of ·NO2) and/or via reduction of target radicals formed in the reaction with peroxynitrite.
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Flavonoids as reductants of ferryl hemoglobin

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EN
The ferryl derivatives of hemoglobin are products of the reactions of oxy- and methemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide. Ferryl hemoglobins, either with or without a radical site on the protein moiety, are oxidizing species. Plant polyphenols, flavonoids, have been shown to act as antioxidants in vivo and in vitro. Reactions of met- and oxyhemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catechin, quercetin and rutin were studied. These flavonoids accelerated reduction of ferryl hemoglobin to methemoglobin. The rate constants of the reactions of ferryl hemoglobin with catechin, quercetin and rutin were in the order of 102 M-1 s-1, i.e. similar to the rate constants of ferryl hemoglobin with intracellular reducing compounds like urate or ascorbate. The beneficial effect of flavonoids against oxidative damage of hemoglobin caused by hydroperoxides, reported in the literature, is probably, at least in part, connected with the ability of flavonoids to scavenge ferryl hemoglobin.
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