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Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in human health and dis

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Kishore U., Lopez B. A., Kamran M. F., Saxena S., Singh M., Sarma P. U., Madan T., Chakraborty T.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

2005

vol. 53

issue 5

399-417

Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are lung surfactant-associated hydrophilic proteins which have been implicated in surfactant homeostasis and pulmonary innate immunity. They are collagen-containing C-type (calcium-dependent) lectins, called collectins, and are structurally similar to mannose-binding protein of the lectin pathway of the complement system. Being carbohydrate pattern-recognition molecules, they recognize a broad spectrum of pathogens and allergens via the lectin domain, with subsequent activation of immune cells via the collagen region, thus offering protection against infection and allergenic challenge. SP-A and SP-D have been shown to be involved in viral neutralization, clearance of bacteria, fungi, and apoptotic and necrotic cells, the down-regulation of allergic reaction, and the resolution of inflammation. Studies on single-nucleotide polymorphism, protein levels in broncho-alveolar lavage, and gene knock-out mice have clearly indicated an association between SP-A and SP-D and a range of pulmonary diseases. In addition, recent studies using murine models of allergy and infection have raised the possibility that the recombinant forms of SP-A and SP-D may have therapeutic potential in controlling pulmonary infection, inflammation, and allergies in humans.

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1 Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

1 2005

1 Chakraborty T.

1 Kamran M. F.

1 Kishore U.

1 Lopez B. A.

1 Madan T.

1 Sarma P. U.

1 Saxena S.

1 Singh M.

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Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in human health and dis