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Do face masks affect the way we hear?

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Wróbel M. J., Czerniejewska-Wolska H., Madhavan M., Kluczyński Ł., Ostrowska M., Marzec M.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
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2023
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vol. 78
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issue 1
31-35
EN
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess if wearing a face mask, hung from the ears, had an effect on the understanding of speech and the perception of surrounding sounds. Materials and Methods: Assessment of auditory perception using verbal noise audiometry in two clinical conditions; without a face mask and with a face mask. To assess the auditory perception ability, two parameters were measured; word recognition score (WRS) and sound intensity at maximal WRS. Results: Without wearing facial masks, the maximum values of WRS for the study group ranged from 75% to 100% with 52% of respondents achieved WRS 100%. While wearing face masks, the highest calculated WRS for the study group ranged from 80% to 100%, with 32% of individuals achieved WRS of 100%. Conclusion: The wearing of face masks do not change the speech recognition scores. This may indicate a stronger role of psycho-sociological aspects of hearing difficulties during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Memory Load Test – A Concept for Cognitive Reserve Evaluation with Auditory Perception

68%
Madhavan M., Zaid M. I., Chaudhary K., Soribe C., Ijlal Siddiqui M., Ali N., Rahaman R., Brito Lima H., Nair S., Din N., Marzec M., Wróbel M. J.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
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2024
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vol. 78
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issue 5
1-9
EN
Introduction: Auditory scene analysis refers to the system through which the auditory system distinguishes distinct auditory events and sources to create meaningful auditory information. The exact number of directly perceived auditory stimuli is unknown, studies suggest it may range from 3 to 5. This number differs among individuals, and potentially may indirectly indicate the ability to store and process the complex information, related to the memory load, which is combined with human cognitive processes. Aim: This study aims to further identify and quantify the number of sounds that can be perceived simultaneously in a complex auditory environment. Material and methods: Participants were presented with structured acoustic recordings and were asked to identify the exact number of targeted stimuli heard throughout the test. The experiment was designed to assess the auditory load and determine the maximum number of auditory stimuli that a healthy human can perceive at once. Results: Our study showed that on average, participants could identify up to three sounds at once with accuracy of responses declining progressively for four sounds or more. Conclusions: This study aimed to investigate the human capacity to detect and identify multiple sound signals simultaneously in a noisy environment. By understanding this ability, we sought to assess cognitive reserve in individuals. Our objective was to determine if auditory load could serve as a diagnostic tool for cognitive evaluation. We believe that further research will establish the validity of this approach, and we anticipate that it is only a matter of time before it becomes a viable method for assessing cognitive function.
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