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EN
We investigated the extraction of chitin with various solvents and changes in the amount of chitin and its molecular mass at different stages of maturity in the fruiting bodies of the fungi Laetiporus sulphureus, Tyromyces chioneus, Oudemansiella mucida, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Fomitopsis betulina. We extracted chitin from crushed mushroom fruiting bodies with 25% hydrochloric acid at 0°C. We characterised the molecular weight of reprecipitated purified chitin with a viscosimeter and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The mass of extracted chitin in all studied mushrooms initially increased from youth to maturity, and then decreased after ripening. At the same time, the molecular weight of chitin tended to increase.
EN
Chitosan is a cationic polymer capable of binding acidic drugs. In addition, it has haemostatic and antimicrobial activity. Chitosan derivatives withanti-fibrinolytic properties may present increased effectiveness, especially when the added substance forms an adduct with chitosan. The aim of this work was to study the haemostatic action of the chitosan–tranexamic acid complex. Two chitosan solutions (molecularweight of 250 and 625 kDa at pH 5.7 and 6.2, and after tranexamic acid had been added to chitosan solutions) werestudied. Haemostatic evaluation was performed on white outbred mice. The time to complete cessation of bleeding from the tail was determined. Chitosan 625 kDa at pH 6.2 had the best haemostatic properties. Adding tranexamic acid to the chitosan solution reduced the bleeding time. This phenomenon was more pronounced for chitosan 625 kDa. Compared with control animals, this chitosan reduced bleeding arrest time by 30% and the chitosan–tranexamic acid adduct reduced the bleeding arrest time by 75%.
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