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Zastosowanie diety śródziemnomorskiej w prewencji i leczeniu zespołu metabolicznego

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Bawa S. e., Gajewska D., Myszkowska-Ryciak J.
Kosmos
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2010
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vol. 59
|
issue 3-4
345-354
EN
The metabolic syndrome is a complex health condition characterized by dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance and abdominal fat accumulation. Left uncontrolled, the metabolic syndrome predisposes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. A comprehensive approach is required for patients suffering this cluster of clinical manifestations. Indeed, subjects with the metabolic syndrome could benefit from life-style modifications, particularly through exercise and diet. In this article, the evidence regarding the role of diet, in particular the role of food patterns based on the Mediterranean-style diet, in preventing and treating the metabolic syndrome are reviewed.
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Środki słodzące w profilaktyce i leczeniu otyłości

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Myszkowska-Ryciak J., Harton A., Gajewska D., Bawa S. e.
Kosmos
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2010
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vol. 59
|
issue 3-4
365-374
EN
Refined sugar is an energy supplying product, but it is not the source of any nutrients. Currently, it is suggested that the delay consumption of energy from sugar should not exceed 10%. An average American ingests over 20% of energy in the form added sugar, which exceeds the current recommendation by 2 times. The replacement of traditional sugar with sweeteners with low energy content or calorie-free sweeteners could be an alternative strategy in the management of obesity. The following sweeteners are allowed: acesulfame K, aspartame, cyclamate and its salts - sodium and calcium cyclamate, saccharin and its salts - sodium, potassium and calcium, thaumatin, neohesperidine DC, sucralose as well as salts of aspartame and acesulfame K. The food industry uses intensive sweeteners mainly for the production of non-alcoholic beverages and beverages with low-alcohol content (e.g. beer), concentrates, "table sweeteners", milk beverages as well as for the production of diet foods, from which sugar needs to be eliminated. When applied, these sweeteners can be useful in the prevention and management of obesity, for people, who are interested in restricting energy consumption without resigning from sweet taste as well as for patients with diabetes mellitus. Paradoxically simultaneously with the increase in the popularity of such products there is an increase in the number of overweight and obese people. It seems that the introduction of low-calorie or calorie-free sugar substitutes into foods can be useful as an additional element of low-calorie diet, but it also seems that the introduction of only light food without lifestyle modification does not lead to a decrease in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.
3
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Strategie leczenia dietetycznego otyłości - czy istnieje optymalna dieta?

100%
Gajewska D., Bawa S. e., Myszkowska-Ryciak J.
Kosmos
|
2010
|
vol. 59
|
issue 3-4
385-394
EN
Prevention and management of obesity has become a priority action for many institutions in the whole world and also one of the biggest challenges in the 21st century. Dietary pattern as well as physical activity has deteriorated, particular among Western populations. The consumption of industrially processed foods with high content of sugar and fat as well as the intake of beverages sweetened with sucrose or fructose has increased, but the consumption of fruit and vegetables has declined. Strategies for the management of obesity that leads to weight loss include three basic elements: increase in physical activity, consumption of a balanced diet as well as behavioral therapy. Low-calorie, balanced diets with adequate amount of vitamins and minerals are used in the management of obesity. Energy deficit can be induced via modification of the proportion of macronutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrates). Therefore, it is possible to have different modifications that can yield several proportions of these macronutrients. In any case, diet has to be planned individually. Weight loss can be achieved by the use of high-carbohydrate diet (rich in dietary fiber), high-fat diet or high-protein diet, but with energy deficit. Low-calorie diets should be planned individually in such a way that long-term adherence to them would be easy to achieve.
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