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Stroke impact on the cognitive functions of Moroccan neuro-lesioned patients in the Gharb Region

100%
Mènon C. S., Touhami Ahami A. O., Latifi M., Mureşanu D. F., Gam I., Obayagbona V. O.
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vol. 17(1)
25-38
EN
Stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke) is a sudden-onset neurological deficit resulting from focal vascular lesions. This is due to a clot-induced obstruction of a vessel (ischemic stroke) or a rupture of a vessel causing haemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke). The management of neuro-injured patients (AVC) is a major public health problem. The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the short and long term neuropsychological sequences following a neurological accident of neuro-injured patients hospitalized at the Kenitra Provincial Center (Morocco) in comparison with the control group. We tested 34 stroke patients, with an average age sample of 59.12 years, for a standard deviation of 14.35 with extremes between 32 and 82 years. Of these patients, 20 were female (58.82%) and 14 male (41.18%). The sex ratio is 0.7 in favour of the female sex. Both the neuro-lesioned patients and the control group benefited from neuropsychological tests. In the neurocognitive evaluation we used three neuropsychological tests: (a) The bell test or non-verbal bell dam test allows for a selective, visuospatial and strategic attentional evaluation; (b) Raven's test focuses on the nonverbal neuropsychological intelligence where the subject is led to analyze and solve each test problem based on inductive reasoning; (c) The digit memory test is a test to evaluate the short-term verbal memory and working memory capabilities of stroke patients. Our results showed through the various neurocognitive tests that our stroke patients obtained lowers score, compared to the control group (p <0.05). Raven Standard Progress Matrix Test Scores (SPMR):(Mean-Patients = 32.49, SD = 7.43 < Mean-Controls = 42.01, SD = 3.98). Digit Memory Test scores: Forward digit span (Mean-Patients = 2.21, SD = 0.5
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Comparison of cognitive profiles in cerebro-vascular accident and traumatic brain injury patients interned at Ignace Deen University Hospital of Guinea-Conakry

84%
Diallo M. C., N’Go P. K., Mammad K., Ahami H. O. T., Bah A. B., Cisse F. A., Elouardi A., Obayagbona V. O.
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EN
Cognitive and behavioral symptoms can be sequelae of both cerebro-vascular accident (CVA) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). In sub-Saharan African countries, including Guinea, there have been few studies focused on brain injury symptoms and related disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive status in TBI patients and CVA patients recruited at the Ignace Deen University Hospital, in order to provide better support for cognitive rehabilitation. We studied 25 TBI patients and 25 CVA patients under treatment from August to January 2016, and 25 healthy persons as controls. We used a survey questionnaire to collect data on socioeconomic and demographic features, then administered the Digit Span subtest from the WAIS III battery and the Rey-Osterrieth test (ROCF-A) to assess post-injury cognitive performance. The average age was 29.2 ±13.68 years in the TBI patients, compared to 57.6 ± 11.05 years in CVA patients, and both groups were predominantly male (TBI 88%, CVA 84%). Educational level and occupation did not differ. Cognitive testing revealed significantly greater impairments of memory, visuo-spatial and visuo-constructive functions in the CVA patients. Although the socioeconomic factors and educational level did not differ, we found that our CVA patients show more cognitive disorders. Longitudinal studies with greater sample sizes are required in order to validate the prevalence rates of CVA and TBI in the Guinean general population, as well as predictive factors and cognitive profiles. This could help to elaborate, adapt and prioritize prevention and intervention strategies.
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