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Application of enzymes in selected branches of food industry

100%
Zyla K., Kujawski M.
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EN
Food industry has taken advantage of enzymes as processing aids for more than fifty years. Enzymes, however, still offer an exciting potential for improvements in food processing. This review covers current trends in industrial applications of enzymes in selected branches of food technology. Applications of pectinases and other macerating enzymes in fruit and vegetable processing and in wine technology are discussed. Examples of successful enzymes applications are given in relation to baking and brewing. Also, details of enzymatic starch conversion are provided in the production of syrups and ethanol. Finally, applications of milk coagulating proteinases, lipases and lactase in the production of cheese and in whey processing are addressed. Based on the latest literature and patent data, the review also embraces novel enzyme applications in food industry.
2

Relation betwwn DNA replication and DNA repair in human lymphocytes proliferating in vitro in the presence and in absence of mutagen

52%
Szyfter K., Wiktorowicz K., Wielgosz M. S., Zajaczek S., Kujawski M., Jaloszynski P., Czub M., Markowska M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1995
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vol. 36
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issue 4
379-388
EN
The effects of mutagens on DNA replication and DNA repair were studied in peripheral blood lymphocytes (BPL) obtained 21 healthy subjects, 2 samples from healthy heterozygote of Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and 2 samples from patient with clinically recognized XP.Inter-individual variations were found in DNA replication and in the level of spontanous DNA repair measured under standard culture condition.Exposure of human PBL proliferating in vitro to B(a)P was followed by a partial inhibition of replicative DNA synthesis in all subjects and by induction of DNA repair in healthy subjects.In XP patients DNA repair sythesis remained at the level attributed to spontaneous DNA repair.The response to mutagen varied individually.Results were analysed statistically.It was established that the studied indices of DNA synthesis correlete well with each other.The highest correlation was found between the levels of spontaneous and B(a)P-induced DNA repair.It is concluded that the level of spontaneous DNA repair is predictive for an estimation of cells ability to repair DNA damage.Inter-individual variations in the inhibition of DNA replication and in DNA repair sythesis are also dependet on the type of mutagen as shown by effect of other mutagens.Different effects of mutagen exposure on the inhibition of DNA replicative sythesis and induction of DNA repair can be explained by genetically controlled differences in the activity of enzymes responsible for mutagen processing and lesion removal.
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